ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ADAPTABILITY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Organizational Structure, Mechanistic Structures, Organic Structure, Adaptability, Adaptive Capacity, Vulnerability
Abstract
The survey study investigated the relationship between organizational structure and adaptability of manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. The environment of business is not an independent entity, but composed of complex combination of factors such as government regulations, product and labour conditions, industry customs and practices which have greater influence on how job task are divided, grouped and coordinated in the manufacturing sector. It is based on this problem that this research was set out to explore the compatibility of organisational structure and adaptability to avert negative influence on manufacturing firms in a dynamic environment. As a consequence, this research involved 4 objectives, 4 research questions and 4 research hypotheses. A population of 362 managers and supervisors of 15 manufacturing firms was covered. A sample size of 186 managers and supervisors were drawn using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) Table. The simple random sampling technique was employed and copies of questionnaire were utilized in gathering data for the study. The response to the questionnaire was measured on a 4-point Likert scale, and the data were analysed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient. Based on the findings, the study concludes that there is a significant and positive relationship between the dimensions of organisational structure and adaptability, meaning a correlation exists between organizational structure and adaptability of manufacturing firms in Rivers State. The study recommends that manufacturing firms in Rivers State should enhance mechanistic structures for better process, clarity and risk management, while incorporating organic elements to boost flexibility, innovation, and quick decision-making for improved adaptability and resilience.
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References
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Adewale, A. O., & Umar, A. S. (2020). Resistance to organizational change: A case study of selected manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Management, Economics, and Social Sciences, 9(2), 76-92.
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Barney, J. (2020). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Bekanwah, D. S., Miidom, D. F., & Ukoha, O. (2020). Organizational structure and business growth in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research Social and Management Sciences, 6(5), 30-47.
Brown, A., & Clark, R. (2023). Role specialization and productivity in mechanistic organizations. Journal of Business Research, 148, 321-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.03.056
Brown, A., & Wilson, J. (2023). Open communication and collaboration in organic organizations. Journal of Business Research, 150, 256-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.04.022
Brown, A., & Wilson, J. (2023). Organizational structure and adaptability: Managing complexity in large firms. Journal of Business Research, 145, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.03.056
Brown, J. (2021). Building Flexible Organizations: Lessons from the Best. Harvard Business Review Press.
Brown, S. L. (2011). The role of the strategic leader in strategy implementation. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 18(2), 154–163.
Cameron, E., & Green, M. (2021). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change (6th ed.). Kogan Page.
Chen, L., Lee, C. M., Chen, K. H., Huang, C. C., & Liu, Y. J. (2020). Genetic vulnerability, stressful life events and the onset of generalized anxiety disorder among adolescents: The moderating effect of the 5-HTTLPR. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.060
Chen, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). Adaptability and continuous learning in organic structures. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 41(7), 897-909. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2461
Chen, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). Information systems and organizational adaptability in manufacturing. Information & Management, 57(8), 103295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2020.103295
Chukwu, C. O., et al. (2022). Enhancing organizational adaptability through improved communication channels: A case study of manufacturing firms in Rivers State. International Journal of Communication Research and Management, 12(3), 112-128.
Donaldson, L. (2021). The contingency theory of organizational structure. Academy of Management Review, 2(1), 115-128.
Evans, G. W., Li, D., & Whipple, S. S. (2023). Cumulative risk and child development: Socioeconomic status, social support, and the complex interplay of environmental stressors. Child Development Perspectives, 17(3), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12444
Fazel, M., von Schrader, S., & Ranapurwala, S. I. (2022). Community-based interventions for promoting mental health and well-being in vulnerable populations: A systematic review. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(1), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22649
Garcia, L., & Turner, K. (2023). Collaboration and networking for adaptive capacity. Management Science, 69(2), 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4245
Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. HarperBusiness.
Hillmann, J., & Guenther, E. (2021). Organizational resilience: a valuable construct for management research? International journal of management reviews, 23(1), 7-44.https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12239
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., & Gomez, A. F. (2020). Cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(4), e1–e14. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.20r13130
Johnson, P. (2022). Advanced manufacturing technologies and their impact on organizational structure. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 63, 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2022.03.005
Johnson, P., & Lee, S. (2022). Decentralized decision-making in organic structures: Impact on employee performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 32(1), 123-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12367
Johnson, P., & Smith, R. (2023). Sensing and interpreting environmental changes for adaptive capacity. Strategic Management Journal, 44(2), 211-225. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3321
Kim, J., & Park, H. (2021). Customer-centric approaches in decentralized organizations. International Journal of Production Economics, 235, 108110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108110
Lee, J., & Johnson, P. (2021). Standardized processes in manufacturing firms: Balancing efficiency and flexibility. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 61, 78-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.05.006
Lee, J., Choi, S., & Kim, H. (2022). Lean principles and continuous improvement in uncertain environments. Journal of Operations Management, 68, 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2022.01.004
Levinthal, D. A. (2016)Learning and adaptation.The Palgrave encyclopedia of strategic management, 1-5.http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94848-2_787-1
Martin, J., & Smith, R. (2021). Flexibility and innovation in organic organizational structures. Journal of Management Studies, 58(3), 487-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12677
Martinez, A., & Turner, K. (2021). Flexible work teams and organizational responsiveness. Human Resource Management Journal, 31(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12354
Martinez, L., & Perez, H. (2023). Learning and adaptation for organizational resilience. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 41(7), 897-909. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2461
Martinez, L., & Perez, H. (2023). Operational efficiency and predictability in mechanistic structures. International Journal of Production Economics, 250, 108619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2023.108619
Masten, A. S., & Narayan, A. J. (2022). Resilience and vulnerability in developmental psychopathology: Contributions from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study. Development and Psychopathology, 34(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001185
Nethavhani, M. (2022). The effect of organizational agility on organizational performance. Thesis for: Master of Art in Business and Organizational Psychology.
Okafor, E. O., et al. (2023). Overcoming communication barriers in manufacturing firms: A case study of Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Business Communication, 14(2), 89-104.
Oladele, O. O., & Ajayi, O. A. (2023). Managing resistance to change in manufacturing firms: Insights from Rivers State, Nigeria. Journal of Change Management, 10(1), 56-71.
O'Reilly, C. A., & Tushman, M. L. (2022). Organizational ambidexterity: Past, present, and future. Academy of Management Perspectives, 36(2), 205-225.
Pitts, Tammy & Clawson, James. (2008). Organizational Structure. SSRN Electronic Journal. 10.2139/ssrn.910385.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2020). Organizational Behaviour (18th ed.). Pearson.
Rutter, M. (2021). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 91(3), 299–310. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000568
Schein, E. H. (2023). Organizational culture and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Smith, J. K., & Adekunle, F. O. (2022). Fostering innovation in manufacturing firms: Strategies and practices. Routledge.
Smith, J., & Lewis, M. (2020). Managing high task uncertainty and complexity with organic structures. Academy of Management Journal, 63(4), 1103-1126. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2018.0452
Smith, J., Brown, K., & Lewis, M. (2022). Centralized decision-making in large corporations: Benefits and challenges. Strategic Management Journal, 43(5), 875-893. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3315
Smith, W. K., & Tushman, M. L. (2023). Managing strategic paradoxes: A grounded theory of leadership and innovation. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4), 777-802.
Smith, W. K., & Tushman, M. L. (2023). The ambidextrous organization: Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. Stanford University Press.
Sull, D. N. (2020). Why good companies go bad. Harvard Business Review, 98(7/8), 98-106.
Tammy, N., et al. (2008). Organizational structure and its implication for the performance of oil and gas industries in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 10(3), 76-95.
Taylor, R. (2023). Modular organizational structures and strategic alignment. Strategic Management Journal, 44(2), 211-225. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3321
Teece, D. J. (2021). Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management: Organizing for Innovation and Growth. Oxford University Pres
Thompson, R., Briggs, E. C., English, D. J., Dubowitz, H., Lee, L.-C., Lee, S. J., Hussey, J. M., & Runyan, D. K. (2024). Social support and child maltreatment: A systematic review. Child maltreatment, 29(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595211041570
Tushman, M. L., & O'Reilly, C. A. (2008). Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability: Resolving the innovator's dilemma. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 185–206.
Vazquez, C., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2021). The cognitive model of vulnerability to depression revisited: Can compensatory coping and mastery mitigate the effects of cognitive risks on depression? Clinical Psychology Review, 86, 102006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102006
Wang, X. (2021). Decentralized structures in high-tech manufacturing. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 61, 101648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2021.101648
Wildavsky, A. (1991). Searching for Safety. Transaction Publishers.
Woodward, J. (1958). Management and technology. Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
Adewale, A. O., & Umar, A. S. (2020). Resistance to organizational change: A case study of selected manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Management, Economics, and Social Sciences, 9(2), 76-92.
Anyaeche, C.O & Akindele J. (2020), Re-design of organisational structure of a manufacturing firm. Advancing Industrial Engineering in Nigeria through Teaching, Research and Innovation. A book of Reading [A Festchrift in honour of Professor O. E. Charles-Owaba] 549-589.
Barney, J. (2020). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
Bekanwah, D. S., Miidom, D. F., & Ukoha, O. (2020). Organizational structure and business growth in manufacturing firms in Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research Social and Management Sciences, 6(5), 30-47.
Brown, A., & Clark, R. (2023). Role specialization and productivity in mechanistic organizations. Journal of Business Research, 148, 321-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.03.056
Brown, A., & Wilson, J. (2023). Open communication and collaboration in organic organizations. Journal of Business Research, 150, 256-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.04.022
Brown, A., & Wilson, J. (2023). Organizational structure and adaptability: Managing complexity in large firms. Journal of Business Research, 145, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.03.056
Brown, J. (2021). Building Flexible Organizations: Lessons from the Best. Harvard Business Review Press.
Brown, S. L. (2011). The role of the strategic leader in strategy implementation. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 18(2), 154–163.
Cameron, E., & Green, M. (2021). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change (6th ed.). Kogan Page.
Chen, L., Lee, C. M., Chen, K. H., Huang, C. C., & Liu, Y. J. (2020). Genetic vulnerability, stressful life events and the onset of generalized anxiety disorder among adolescents: The moderating effect of the 5-HTTLPR. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.060
Chen, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). Adaptability and continuous learning in organic structures. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 41(7), 897-909. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2461
Chen, Y., & Zhang, W. (2020). Information systems and organizational adaptability in manufacturing. Information & Management, 57(8), 103295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2020.103295
Chukwu, C. O., et al. (2022). Enhancing organizational adaptability through improved communication channels: A case study of manufacturing firms in Rivers State. International Journal of Communication Research and Management, 12(3), 112-128.
Donaldson, L. (2021). The contingency theory of organizational structure. Academy of Management Review, 2(1), 115-128.
Evans, G. W., Li, D., & Whipple, S. S. (2023). Cumulative risk and child development: Socioeconomic status, social support, and the complex interplay of environmental stressors. Child Development Perspectives, 17(3), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12444
Fazel, M., von Schrader, S., & Ranapurwala, S. I. (2022). Community-based interventions for promoting mental health and well-being in vulnerable populations: A systematic review. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(1), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22649
Garcia, L., & Turner, K. (2023). Collaboration and networking for adaptive capacity. Management Science, 69(2), 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4245
Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. HarperBusiness.
Hillmann, J., & Guenther, E. (2021). Organizational resilience: a valuable construct for management research? International journal of management reviews, 23(1), 7-44.https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12239
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., & Gomez, A. F. (2020). Cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(4), e1–e14. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.20r13130
Johnson, P. (2022). Advanced manufacturing technologies and their impact on organizational structure. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 63, 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2022.03.005
Johnson, P., & Lee, S. (2022). Decentralized decision-making in organic structures: Impact on employee performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 32(1), 123-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12367
Johnson, P., & Smith, R. (2023). Sensing and interpreting environmental changes for adaptive capacity. Strategic Management Journal, 44(2), 211-225. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3321
Kim, J., & Park, H. (2021). Customer-centric approaches in decentralized organizations. International Journal of Production Economics, 235, 108110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108110
Lee, J., & Johnson, P. (2021). Standardized processes in manufacturing firms: Balancing efficiency and flexibility. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 61, 78-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.05.006
Lee, J., Choi, S., & Kim, H. (2022). Lean principles and continuous improvement in uncertain environments. Journal of Operations Management, 68, 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2022.01.004
Levinthal, D. A. (2016)Learning and adaptation.The Palgrave encyclopedia of strategic management, 1-5.http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94848-2_787-1
Martin, J., & Smith, R. (2021). Flexibility and innovation in organic organizational structures. Journal of Management Studies, 58(3), 487-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12677
Martinez, A., & Turner, K. (2021). Flexible work teams and organizational responsiveness. Human Resource Management Journal, 31(3), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12354
Martinez, L., & Perez, H. (2023). Learning and adaptation for organizational resilience. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 41(7), 897-909. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2461
Martinez, L., & Perez, H. (2023). Operational efficiency and predictability in mechanistic structures. International Journal of Production Economics, 250, 108619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2023.108619
Masten, A. S., & Narayan, A. J. (2022). Resilience and vulnerability in developmental psychopathology: Contributions from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study. Development and Psychopathology, 34(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421001185
Nethavhani, M. (2022). The effect of organizational agility on organizational performance. Thesis for: Master of Art in Business and Organizational Psychology.
Okafor, E. O., et al. (2023). Overcoming communication barriers in manufacturing firms: A case study of Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Business Communication, 14(2), 89-104.
Oladele, O. O., & Ajayi, O. A. (2023). Managing resistance to change in manufacturing firms: Insights from Rivers State, Nigeria. Journal of Change Management, 10(1), 56-71.
O'Reilly, C. A., & Tushman, M. L. (2022). Organizational ambidexterity: Past, present, and future. Academy of Management Perspectives, 36(2), 205-225.
Pitts, Tammy & Clawson, James. (2008). Organizational Structure. SSRN Electronic Journal. 10.2139/ssrn.910385.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2020). Organizational Behaviour (18th ed.). Pearson.
Rutter, M. (2021). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 91(3), 299–310. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000568
Schein, E. H. (2023). Organizational culture and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Smith, J. K., & Adekunle, F. O. (2022). Fostering innovation in manufacturing firms: Strategies and practices. Routledge.
Smith, J., & Lewis, M. (2020). Managing high task uncertainty and complexity with organic structures. Academy of Management Journal, 63(4), 1103-1126. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2018.0452
Smith, J., Brown, K., & Lewis, M. (2022). Centralized decision-making in large corporations: Benefits and challenges. Strategic Management Journal, 43(5), 875-893. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3315
Smith, W. K., & Tushman, M. L. (2023). Managing strategic paradoxes: A grounded theory of leadership and innovation. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4), 777-802.
Smith, W. K., & Tushman, M. L. (2023). The ambidextrous organization: Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change. Stanford University Press.
Sull, D. N. (2020). Why good companies go bad. Harvard Business Review, 98(7/8), 98-106.
Tammy, N., et al. (2008). Organizational structure and its implication for the performance of oil and gas industries in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 10(3), 76-95.
Taylor, R. (2023). Modular organizational structures and strategic alignment. Strategic Management Journal, 44(2), 211-225. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3321
Teece, D. J. (2021). Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management: Organizing for Innovation and Growth. Oxford University Pres
Thompson, R., Briggs, E. C., English, D. J., Dubowitz, H., Lee, L.-C., Lee, S. J., Hussey, J. M., & Runyan, D. K. (2024). Social support and child maltreatment: A systematic review. Child maltreatment, 29(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595211041570
Tushman, M. L., & O'Reilly, C. A. (2008). Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability: Resolving the innovator's dilemma. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 185–206.
Vazquez, C., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2021). The cognitive model of vulnerability to depression revisited: Can compensatory coping and mastery mitigate the effects of cognitive risks on depression? Clinical Psychology Review, 86, 102006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102006
Wang, X. (2021). Decentralized structures in high-tech manufacturing. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 61, 101648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2021.101648
Wildavsky, A. (1991). Searching for Safety. Transaction Publishers.
Woodward, J. (1958). Management and technology. Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
Published
2024-10-03
How to Cite
Enyindah Wegwu, M. (2024). ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ADAPTABILITY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA. GPH-International Journal of Business Management, 7(09), 01-16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13883951
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