EXTRAVERSION, NEUROTICISM AND BULLYING BEHAVIOUR AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN DELTA STATE
Abstract
The study investigated extraversion, neuroticism and bullying behaviour among secondary school students in Delta State. The aim is to examine the nature of the relationship among personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism and bullying behaviour among secondary school student in Delta State. The study adopted a correlational research design. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated and tested. The population of this study is 32,422 Senior Secondary 3 students in 474 government-owned secondary schools in Delta State (Ministry of Basic and Secondary Education, 2023). A multistage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 1,023. The simple random and proportionate sampling techniques were used to select the sample for the study. The Personality Traits Rating Scale was adapted from the Big Five Inventory (BFI) developed by Golberg (1993) and Bullying Behaviour Rating Scale as adapted from the Bullying Behaviour Questionnaire, developed by Uyanne, et al. (2013) were used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated through experts’ judgement and factor analysis. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach alpha (α) reliability statistics and Personality Traits Rating Scale yielded a coefficient of 0.704, and Bullying Behaviour Rating Scale = 0.873. The descriptive statistics (Mean and Standard Deviation), Simple Correlation, correlation statistics were used to answer and test all hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that there was significant relationship between extraversion and bullying behaviour, while there was no relationship between neuroticism and bullying behaviour among secondary school students. Based on these findings it was recommended that School Counsellors/Psychologists should implement targeted interventions focused on reducing extraversion traits among secondary school students to mitigate bullying behaviour.School Counsellors/Psychologists should implement targeted interventions focused on reducing neuroticism traits among secondary school students to mitigate bullying behaviour and being victims, finally, school administrators and counsellors should develop programmes that foster healthy learning environment among students.
Downloads
References
American Psychological Association [APA] (2020). Personality. https://www.apa.org/topics/personality
Andrei, F., Mancini, G., Baldaro, B., Trombini, E., Agnoli, S., & Mancini, G. (2014). A systematic review on the predictive utility of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Applied Psychology Bulletin, 271(62), 2–29.
Antoniadou, N., Kokkinos, C. Μ, &Markos, A. (2016). Possible common correlates between bullying and cyber-bullying among adolescents. PsicologνaEducativa, 22(), 27-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2016.01.003
Bayat, F., Kiani, Q., &Asadi, M. (2021). The role of personality traits in predicting cyber-bullying among second-year high school students. Journal of Preventive Counselling (JPC), 2(2), 1-13.
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2019). The Cambridge handbook of personality psychology. Cambridge University Press.
Egbule, J. F &Egbule, E. O. (2008). Clinical counselling: A psychotherapeutic approach. Real Choice Concept.
Erez, A., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Relationship of core self-evaluations to goal setting, motivation, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 1270−1279.
Igundunasse, A., &Anozie, O. K. (2018). Attachment style and personality traits as correlates of bullying among teenagers in some secondary school settings in Lagos, Nigeria. Ife Social Sciences Review, 2(1), 74-78
Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., &Thoresen, C. J. (2007). Are measures of self-esteem, neuroticism, locus of control, and generalized self-efficacy indicators of a common core construct? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 693–710.
Lawrence, K. C. &Egbule, E. O. (2021). Can emotional intelligence training cause a cease in tobacco smoking among school going adolescents? International Journal of Adolescent and Youth, 26(1), 356-366
McCrae, R. & John, O. (1992). An introduction to the Five-Factor Model and its applications. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 175-215. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00970.x
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (2004). A contemplated revision of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(3), 587-596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00118-1
Miao, L. (2019). The causes and educational enlightenment of school bullying from the perspective of personality (in Chinese). Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools,391, 9–13.
Mitsopoulou, E., &Giovazolias, T. (2015). Personality traits, empathy and bullying behavior: A meta-analytic approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 21, 61–72. Doi:10.1016/j.avb.2015.01.007.
National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) (2019). The bullying reports. https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2019/2019054.pdf
Obaro, G. O. (2013). An investigation into the practice of resource sharing among academic libraries in federal universities in south-south, Nigeria. Information Impact: Journal of Information and Knowledge Management, 4(1)
Obaro, G. O. (2017). Availability and utilization of library information services by researchers in the social sciences in federal universities in south-south, Nigeria. Information Technology, 14(1)
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (2018). Bullying. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bully_2
Pabón-Carrasco, M., Ramirez-Baena, L., Jiménez-Picón, N., Blandón, J.A.P., Martínez-Montilla, J.M, &Martos-García, R. (2020). Influence of personality traits and its interaction with the phenomenon of bullying: Multi-centre descriptive study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 172, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010172
Penley, J.A. &Tomaka, J. (2012). Associations among the Big Five, emotional responses, and coping with acute stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(7), 1215-1228. Doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00087-3
Power, R.A. &Pluess, M. (2015). Heritability estimates of the big five personality traits based on common genetic variants. Translational Psychiatry, 5(e604), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/tp.2015.96
Smith, P. K. (2014). Understanding school bullying: Its nature and prevention strategies. Sage.
Tilindiene, I., Saulius, S., Zuoza, A., &Alekrinskis, A. (2021). Examining the relations among extraversion, neuroticism, and school bullying among Lithuanian adolescents. European Journal of Contemporary Education, 10(2), 476-484. Doi: 10.13187/ejced.2021.2.476
UNICEF (2016).Half of world’s teens experience peer violence in and around school. Available online: https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/half-worlds-teens-experience-peer-
Wokoma, I. P., &Udochukwu, N. G. (2020). The influence of sibling's bullying on bullying behavior among students of secondary school age in Ikwerre Local Government Area. International Journal on Integrated Education, 3(3), 146-158.
Yao, X. M. (2017). The causes and avoidance of bullying in elementary and secondary schools from the perspective of psychology (in Chinese). Journal of Science and Education, 22, 159–160.
Author(s) and co-author(s) jointly and severally represent and warrant that the Article is original with the author(s) and does not infringe any copyright or violate any other right of any third parties, and that the Article has not been published elsewhere. Author(s) agree to the terms that the GPH Journal will have the full right to remove the published article on any misconduct found in the published article.
