Counseling Seeking Behavior Prediction: Role of School Connectedness, Emotional intelligence and academic adjustment in a Nigerian Polytechnic
Keywords:
School connectedness, Emotional intelligence, academic adjustment, Polytechnic students, counseling seeking behavior
Abstract
The thrust of this investigation was determination ofSchool Connectedness, Emotional Intelligence and Academic Adjustment as predictors of Counseling Seeking Behavior in a Nigerian Polytechnic. Four research questions cum null hypotheses guided the study. This research adapted correlational research strategy. The target population consisted of all students enrolled at Kaduna Polytechnic's in the 2023/2024 session in various academic programs, and a sample size of 300 drawn from six College units using stratified random selection approach. The data collection tools are structured questionnaires adapted from similar researches consisting of parts namely Counseling Seeking Behavior scale (7 items), Students Campus Connectedness Scale (44 items), Emotional Intelligence (37 items) and Students Adjustment scale (23 items) rated on Likert scale pattern all producing high internal consistency reliabilities determined by Cronbach alpha methods. The researcher gathered data personally during lessons and analyzed it using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS. The findings are: Counseling Seeking Behavior and School Connectedness of Kaduna polytechnic students was low and not encouraging, while academic adjustment is indeed very high and interesting. Emotional intelligence is not significant and very low. There is significant and positive relationship between Counseling Seeking Behavior and School Connectedness and Emotional Intelligence, while a negative relationships occurred with Academic Adjustment. Recommendations were suggested based on the research findings among which is the Polytechnic Management should sensitize the students on the availability of counseling services and facilities in the institution.
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References
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Gómez-Leal, R., Costa, A., Megías-Robles, A., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Faria, L. (2021). Relationship between emotional intelligence and empathy towards humans and animals. PeerJ, 9, e11274.
Hwang, G. J., & Chien, S. Y. (2022). Definition, roles, and potential research issues of the metaverse in education: An artificial intelligence perspective. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100082.
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Karacher, J. M. (2015). The Hemingway Measure of Adolescent Connectedness.
Kauchak, D. P. (2011). Introduction to teaching: Becoming a professional. Upper Saddle River. Prentice Hall.
Kim, J. Y. (2018). Relationships Between Smartphone Addiction and Impulsivity, Depression, and Intention to Use Smartphones among College Students: Mediating Effect of Parent--Adolescent Communication. Medico-Legal Update, 18(1).
Kinananee, J. B. (2010). Psychology of adjustment. Nissi Books.
Kozlowski, D., Hutchinson, M., Hurley, J., Rowley, J., & Sutherland, J. (2017). The role of emotion in clinical decision making: an integrative literature review. BMC medical education, 17, 1-13.
Kpolovie, P. J. (2010). Advanced research methods. Springfield Publishers Ltd.
Kumar, A. P. (2006). Peer and family relations: A theoretical model for helping students in distress. Unpublished material. University of Malaya, Malaysia.
Kwaah, C. Y., & Essilfie, G. (2017). Stress and coping strategies among distance education students at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 18(3), 120-134.
Labored, S., Moseley,. E., Aekermamn, S., Mrsic, A., & Dosseville, F., (2019). Emotional Intelligence in sports and physical activity: An intervention focus. In Emotional Intelligence in Education. Integrating Research with Practice. The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality, 289-320.
Landa, J. M. A., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2010). The impact of emotional intelligence on Nursing: An Overview. Psychology, 1, 50-58.
Law, K. S. & Wong, C. (2002). The construct and criterion validity of Emotional Intelligence and it potential utility for Management Studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 483-496.
Long, M. N., & Dowdell, E. B. (2018). Online and Health Risk Behaviors In High School Students: An Examination of Bullying. Pediatric Nursing, 44(5).
Mallery, B. (2017). What is Emotional Intellgeince? 2 Theories and Meaures. Online Avialable: http://positivepsychology.org.uk/e,otional-intelligence-mayer-salover-th.
Mayer & Salovery, (1990). The intelligence of emotional intelligence. Intelligence, 17, 433-442.
McCammon, S. L., Spencer, S. A., & Friesen, B. J. (2018). Promoting family empowerment through multiple roles. In Child Mental Health (pp. 1-24). Routledge.
Muthohar, A. (2021). Implementation and development models of character education in school. Tarbiyah Wa Ta'lim: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 69-82.
Omenyi, A., Agu, N., & Odimegwu, C. (2010). A measure of Students Connectedness in TertiaryInstitutions in Anambra State of Nigeria.Academic Leadership: The Online Journal, 8(1), Article 3. Available at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/alj/vol8/iss1/3qay
Parker, J. D. A., Amber, M. J., & Laura, L. M. (2006). Emotional Intelligence and students’ retention, predicting the successful transition from high school to a university. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(7), 1329-1336.
Proshansky, H. M., Fabian, A. K., & Kaminoff, R. (2014). Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self (1983). In The people, place, and space reader (pp. 77-81). Routledge.
Raghubir, A. E. (2018). Emotional intelligence in professional nursing practice: A concept review using Rodgers's evolutionary analysis approach. International journal of nursing sciences, 5(2), 126-130.
Sabbah, I., Sabbah, H., Khamis, R., Sabbah, S., & Droubi, N. (2013). Health related quality of life of university students in Lebanon: Lifestyles behaviors and socio-demographic predictors. Health, 5(7A4), 1-12.
Sabbah, I., Sabbah, H., Khmais, R., Berbari, R., Sabbah, S., Badran, S., & Droubi, N. (2020). Factors associated with the emotional intelligence among your University students. European Journal of Clinical Medicine, 1(1), 1-9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed2020.1.1.3.
Salami, S. O. (2011). Psychological predictors of adjustment among first year College of Education students. Us – China.
Santrock, J. W. (2008). A tropical approach to life-span Development. McGraw Hill.
Sharma, P. & Saine, N. (2013). Health, Social and emotional problems of college students. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 14(50), 21-34.
Shouhed, D., Beni, C., Manguso, N., Ishak, W. W., & Gewetz, B. L. (2019). Association of Emotional Intelligence with malpractice claims. JAMA Surg, 154(3), 250-256.
Shuttle, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., et al., (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167-177.
Stoll, L., & Kools, M. (2017). The school as a learning organization: a review revisiting and extending a timely concept. Journal of Professional Capital and Community, 2(1), 2-17.
Sulaiman, W. S. W., & Noor, M. Z. M. (2015). International conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (ICOSH-UKM2012). Theme: Knowledge for Social Transformation and Development in the 21st Century: EXAMINING THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE WONG AND LAW EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE (WLEIS). Journal of Special Sciences and Humanities. No Special issue, 2, 81-90.
Suni, N. (2020). Wellbeing through self-tracking-Service experience and perceived value (Master's thesis).
Truninger, M., Fernández-i-Marín, X., Batista-Foguet, J. M., Boyatzis, R. E., & Serlavós, R. (2018). The power of EI competencies over intelligence and individual performance: A task-dependent model. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 353444.
Vargas, B., Leiva, L., Rojas, R. A., & Scquicciarini, A. M. (2019). Effects of psychological adversity on school maladjustment: A follow up of primary school students. Psychologia Educativa, 25(2), 101-108.
Whitman, C. N., & Han, H. (2017). Clinician competencies: Strengths and limitations for work with transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) clients. International Journal of Transgenderism, 18(2), 154-171.
Wilson, D. (2004). The interface of school climate and school connectedness and relationship with Aggression and Victimization. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 293-299.
Wong, C. S., & Law, K. S. (2017). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. In Leadership Perspectives (pp. 97-128). Routledge.
Wong, C. S., Wong, P. M., & Law, K. S. (2007). Evidence of the practical utility of Wong’s emotional intelligence scale in Hong Kong and mainland China. Asia Pacific J of Management, 24, 43-60.
Asikhia, O. A. (2010). Students and teachers’ perception of the causes of poor academic behavior in Nigeria. Implications for counseling for national development. European Journal of Social Science, 13(2), 229-242.
Auni, R. T., Songok, R. J., Ocdhiambo, O. R. & Lyanda, J. L. (2014). Determinants of Guidance and Counseling programme in addressing students Social Adjustment in Secondary Schools in Aiaya District, Kenya. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(4), 69-76.
Austin, E. J. (2018). Trait and ability conceptualizations of emotional intelligence. An introduction to emotional intelligence, 18-31.
Azizi, M. R., Atlasi, R., Ziapour, A., Abbas, J., & Naemi, R. (2021). Innovative human resource management strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic narrative review approach. Heliyon, 7(6).
Bailey 3rd, H. (2020). How Do Male Students of Color Describe the Experiences that Motivated Them to Overcome Academic Distress? (Doctoral dissertation, East Stroudsburg University).
Bar-On, R. (2006). The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i): Technical Manual. Multi-Health Systems, Inc
Beare, H., Caldwell, B. J., & Millikan, R. H. (2018). Creating an excellent school: Some new management techniques. Routledge.
Bush, T. (2020). Theories of educational leadership and management.
Cakici, D. (2017). An Investigation of Learner Autonomy in Turkish EFL Context. International Journal of Higher Education, 6(2), 89-99.
Cakici, D. (2017). An Investigation of Learner Autonomy in Turkish EFL Context. International Journal of Higher Education, 6(2), 89-99.
Coe, J. L., Davies, P. T., Sturge-Apple, M. L., (2017). The multivariate roles of family instability and interparental conflict in predicting children representations of insecurity in the family system and early school adjustment problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 45, 211-224.
Dong, X., Liu, S., Li, H., Yang, Z., Liang, S., & Deng, N. (2020). Love of nature as a mediator between connectedness to nature and sustainable consumption behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, 118451.
Donohoo, J. (2018). Collective teacher efficacy research: Productive patterns of behavior and other positive consequences. Journal of educational change, 19(3), 323-345.
Eccles, J. S., Lord, S., & Buchanan, C. M. (2018). School transitions in early adolescence: What are we doing to our young people?. In Transitions through adolescence (pp. 251-284). Psychology Press.
Edward, N. (2003). Impressions last: An innovative approach to induction. Active Learning in Higher Education, 4(3), 226-243.
Ejionueme, L. K. (2010). Management of student personnel services in Federal and State Universities. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Department of Educational Foundations.
Elfenbein, H. A., & MacCann, C. (2017). A closer look at ability emotional intelligence (EI): What are its component parts, and how do they relate to each other? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 11(7), e12324.
Emmadi, R. (2017). Emotional intelligence: A tool for success. International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering, 7(11).
Ezekiel, E. G., & Emanuel, J. (2018). Does medicine overemphasize IQ? JAMA, 29.
Gómez-Leal, R., Costa, A., Megías-Robles, A., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Faria, L. (2021). Relationship between emotional intelligence and empathy towards humans and animals. PeerJ, 9, e11274.
Hwang, G. J., & Chien, S. Y. (2022). Definition, roles, and potential research issues of the metaverse in education: An artificial intelligence perspective. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100082.
Iivari, N., Sharma, S., & Ventä-Olkkonen, L. (2020). Digital transformation of everyday life–How COVID-19 pandemic transformed the basic education of the young generation and why information management research should care? International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102183.
Jorgenson, D. A., Farrell, L. C., Fudge, J. L., & Pritchard, A. (2018). College connectedness: The student perspective. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 18(1), 75-95.
Karacher, J. M. (2015). The Hemingway Measure of Adolescent Connectedness.
Kauchak, D. P. (2011). Introduction to teaching: Becoming a professional. Upper Saddle River. Prentice Hall.
Kim, J. Y. (2018). Relationships Between Smartphone Addiction and Impulsivity, Depression, and Intention to Use Smartphones among College Students: Mediating Effect of Parent--Adolescent Communication. Medico-Legal Update, 18(1).
Kinananee, J. B. (2010). Psychology of adjustment. Nissi Books.
Kozlowski, D., Hutchinson, M., Hurley, J., Rowley, J., & Sutherland, J. (2017). The role of emotion in clinical decision making: an integrative literature review. BMC medical education, 17, 1-13.
Kpolovie, P. J. (2010). Advanced research methods. Springfield Publishers Ltd.
Kumar, A. P. (2006). Peer and family relations: A theoretical model for helping students in distress. Unpublished material. University of Malaya, Malaysia.
Kwaah, C. Y., & Essilfie, G. (2017). Stress and coping strategies among distance education students at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 18(3), 120-134.
Labored, S., Moseley,. E., Aekermamn, S., Mrsic, A., & Dosseville, F., (2019). Emotional Intelligence in sports and physical activity: An intervention focus. In Emotional Intelligence in Education. Integrating Research with Practice. The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality, 289-320.
Landa, J. M. A., & Lopez-Zafra, E. (2010). The impact of emotional intelligence on Nursing: An Overview. Psychology, 1, 50-58.
Law, K. S. & Wong, C. (2002). The construct and criterion validity of Emotional Intelligence and it potential utility for Management Studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 483-496.
Long, M. N., & Dowdell, E. B. (2018). Online and Health Risk Behaviors In High School Students: An Examination of Bullying. Pediatric Nursing, 44(5).
Mallery, B. (2017). What is Emotional Intellgeince? 2 Theories and Meaures. Online Avialable: http://positivepsychology.org.uk/e,otional-intelligence-mayer-salover-th.
Mayer & Salovery, (1990). The intelligence of emotional intelligence. Intelligence, 17, 433-442.
McCammon, S. L., Spencer, S. A., & Friesen, B. J. (2018). Promoting family empowerment through multiple roles. In Child Mental Health (pp. 1-24). Routledge.
Muthohar, A. (2021). Implementation and development models of character education in school. Tarbiyah Wa Ta'lim: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 69-82.
Omenyi, A., Agu, N., & Odimegwu, C. (2010). A measure of Students Connectedness in TertiaryInstitutions in Anambra State of Nigeria.Academic Leadership: The Online Journal, 8(1), Article 3. Available at: https://scholars.fhsu.edu/alj/vol8/iss1/3qay
Parker, J. D. A., Amber, M. J., & Laura, L. M. (2006). Emotional Intelligence and students’ retention, predicting the successful transition from high school to a university. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(7), 1329-1336.
Proshansky, H. M., Fabian, A. K., & Kaminoff, R. (2014). Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self (1983). In The people, place, and space reader (pp. 77-81). Routledge.
Raghubir, A. E. (2018). Emotional intelligence in professional nursing practice: A concept review using Rodgers's evolutionary analysis approach. International journal of nursing sciences, 5(2), 126-130.
Sabbah, I., Sabbah, H., Khamis, R., Sabbah, S., & Droubi, N. (2013). Health related quality of life of university students in Lebanon: Lifestyles behaviors and socio-demographic predictors. Health, 5(7A4), 1-12.
Sabbah, I., Sabbah, H., Khmais, R., Berbari, R., Sabbah, S., Badran, S., & Droubi, N. (2020). Factors associated with the emotional intelligence among your University students. European Journal of Clinical Medicine, 1(1), 1-9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed2020.1.1.3.
Salami, S. O. (2011). Psychological predictors of adjustment among first year College of Education students. Us – China.
Santrock, J. W. (2008). A tropical approach to life-span Development. McGraw Hill.
Sharma, P. & Saine, N. (2013). Health, Social and emotional problems of college students. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 14(50), 21-34.
Shouhed, D., Beni, C., Manguso, N., Ishak, W. W., & Gewetz, B. L. (2019). Association of Emotional Intelligence with malpractice claims. JAMA Surg, 154(3), 250-256.
Shuttle, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T., Golden, C. J., et al., (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167-177.
Stoll, L., & Kools, M. (2017). The school as a learning organization: a review revisiting and extending a timely concept. Journal of Professional Capital and Community, 2(1), 2-17.
Sulaiman, W. S. W., & Noor, M. Z. M. (2015). International conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (ICOSH-UKM2012). Theme: Knowledge for Social Transformation and Development in the 21st Century: EXAMINING THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE WONG AND LAW EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE (WLEIS). Journal of Special Sciences and Humanities. No Special issue, 2, 81-90.
Suni, N. (2020). Wellbeing through self-tracking-Service experience and perceived value (Master's thesis).
Truninger, M., Fernández-i-Marín, X., Batista-Foguet, J. M., Boyatzis, R. E., & Serlavós, R. (2018). The power of EI competencies over intelligence and individual performance: A task-dependent model. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 353444.
Vargas, B., Leiva, L., Rojas, R. A., & Scquicciarini, A. M. (2019). Effects of psychological adversity on school maladjustment: A follow up of primary school students. Psychologia Educativa, 25(2), 101-108.
Whitman, C. N., & Han, H. (2017). Clinician competencies: Strengths and limitations for work with transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) clients. International Journal of Transgenderism, 18(2), 154-171.
Wilson, D. (2004). The interface of school climate and school connectedness and relationship with Aggression and Victimization. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 293-299.
Wong, C. S., & Law, K. S. (2017). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. In Leadership Perspectives (pp. 97-128). Routledge.
Wong, C. S., Wong, P. M., & Law, K. S. (2007). Evidence of the practical utility of Wong’s emotional intelligence scale in Hong Kong and mainland China. Asia Pacific J of Management, 24, 43-60.
Published
2024-06-02
How to Cite
OKOYE RITA, I., VIVIAN MARK, W., IBRAHIM ABUBAKAR, M., & SABO MUHAMMAD, A. (2024). Counseling Seeking Behavior Prediction: Role of School Connectedness, Emotional intelligence and academic adjustment in a Nigerian Polytechnic. GPH-International Journal of Educational Research, 7(05), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11475192
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