THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES ON AGRICULTURE: CAROB SEED GERMINATION

Aiad Abdelkareim Akherim; Idress Hamad Attitalla; Mohamed Y. A. Hassan; K. D. Ahire

doi:10.5281/zenodo.10936763

Aiad Abdelkareim Akherim Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Box 919, Al-Bayda
Idress Hamad Attitalla Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Faculty of Science, Microbiology Department, Box 919, Al-Bayda,
Mohamed Y. A. Hassan Elminia for drinking water and Sanitation Company, Director of the company's General Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Elminia, Egypt
K. D. Ahire Department of Environmental Science, K.R.T.Arts, B.H. Commerce, A.M.. Science (KTHM) College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10936763

Keywords: Climate change, environmental changes on agricultureand carob seed germination

Abstract

There is a direct relationship between climate change and carob seed germination, particularly in areas where carob is native, such as Libya. It is important to study the germination process and response of carob seeds to the anticipated temperature increase. Information regarding the general effects of rising global temperatures on seed germination is currently scarce. By investigating the ecophysiology of germination performance in carob, a sclerophyllous Mediterranean species, this work seeks to close this information gap. The study concentrated on a wild carob genotype that was cultivated in Balagrae, Al-Bayda, in the Libyan region of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar. The primary goals were to examine the germination responses of seeds from various individual trees at the same site and evaluate the impact of anticipated temperature change on carob seed germination characteristics. This study is the first to document the relationship between temperature rise in the Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region and carob seed germination. However, given the eco-physiological features, more investigation is required to completely comprehend how carob seed germination reacts to projected temperature rise on a bigger scale. The consequences of rising global temperatures on seed germination in general are not well understood. We can forecast potential changes in flora as a result of climate change and improve our understanding of C. siliqua's distribution by gathering data on the factors influencing carob seed germination. It is acknowledged that carob is a natural species in the Mediterranean area. It is clear that several tree species with a broad regional distribution, such as carob, have evolved unique geographic variants. These differences correlate with physiological characteristics such growth season duration, photoperiod requirements, and resistance to cold, drought, and illnesses. These mutations have adapted to certain habitats through natural selection throughout time, which makes them less successful when transferred to other ecosystems. Via the seeds, these genetic variations are inherited. In the event that local seeds are unavailable, it is therefore advantageous to use seeds from a source close by or from a region with a comparable climate and latitude. Furthermore, three different trees' seeds from the same site were the subject of our investigation. Expanding the study to include more trees from both the same and different places might be beneficial. As seen by variations in growth rate, wood density, turpentine yield, and other characteristics, even trees of the same species growing near to one another can differ genetically and physiologically. The fact that these characteristics are frequently passed down through seeds to progeny highlights how crucial it is to choose seed trees for nursery planting with care. Superior trees usually produce heterozygous offspring with a variety of advantageous features.

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