https://gphjournal.org/index.php/as <p style="font-family: 'Segoe UI', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: #333;"><strong>GPH-International Journal of Applied Science&nbsp;(e-ISSN&nbsp;<a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/3050-9653" target="_blank" rel="noopener">3050-9653</a>)</strong> is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to promoting the practical application of scientific discoveries across diverse disciplines. The journal publishes original research, comprehensive reviews, and case studies in areas such as engineering, technology, environmental science, biotechnology, and more. It serves as a global platform for researchers, practitioners, and innovators to share cutting-edge solutions, address real-world challenges, and drive progress in applied science.</p> Global Publication House en-US GPH-International Journal of Applied Science 3050-9653 <p>Author(s) and co-author(s)&nbsp;jointly&nbsp;and severally represent and warrant that the Article is original with the author(s) and does not infringe any&nbsp;copyright or violate any other right of any third parties, and that the Article has not been published&nbsp;elsewhere.&nbsp;Author(s) agree to the terms that the <strong>GPH Journal</strong> will have the full right to remove the published article on any misconduct found in the published article.</p> https://gphjournal.org/index.php/as/article/view/2119 <p>This article addresses the challenges of negotiating and resolving conflicts at work in a high-pressure logistics consulting environment in Brazil. An intern working on a challenging project for a major shoe company disagrees with his project manager about how to balance work and life and what the job should entail. As the stakes rise, the intern must find a solution by weighing various options and interests. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the negotiation dynamics, highlighting the challenges of reconciling conflicting priorities and expectations in a rapidly evolving industry. This study enhances our understanding of how to handle conflict and negotiate within organizations effectively.</p> Carlos Alberto Anjoletto Macedo Murillo de Oliveira Dias ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-10-09 2025-10-09 8 9 01 11 10.5281/zenodo.17301191 https://gphjournal.org/index.php/as/article/view/2126 <p>Phytosterols&nbsp;are like&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol">cholesterol</a> and maintain structural components of plant cell membrane. The present study aims to investigate the glycemic and biochemical effects of phytosterol using Wistar rats as experimental models. Fifteen (15) female Wistar rats were divided randomly into three (3) groups, each consisting of five (5) rats. Group I served as control and rats in this group were administered distilled water. Groups II and III served as the treatment groups and received 1000 and 2000mg/kg body weight of phytosterol respectively. Phytosterol was orally administered daily for twenty-eight (28) days in the morning hours (8-9am daily). During the study, serum blood glucose level was determined twice via tail vein puncture technique: firstly, before the administration of phytosterol (pre-treatment blood glucose: Day 0); secondly, at the end of the study (post-treatment blood glucose: Day 29). At the end of treatment, (Day 29), blood samples were collected via direct cardiac puncture and stored in lithium heparin tubes for analysis of biochemical indices. Findings from this study indicate that phytosterol treatment resulted in a significant and dose dependent decrease in blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and malondialdehyde levels in the experimental groups relative to control (p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, a significant and dose dependent increase was observed in the mean animal weight, high-density lipoprotein, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase concentrations among the experimental rats compared to control (p&lt;0.05). Evidence from this study suggests that phytosterol treatment lowers blood glucose level, decrease lipid profile and basal oxidative stress markers by decreasing glycemic indices, cardiovascular risks and oxidative disruptions. This effect is probably achieved via beta cell stimulation and decreased reactive oxygen species radicals.</p> Saronee F. Okari K. Peter D. A. Nwikue G. Ante I. A. Buduburusi R. ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-10-14 2025-10-14 8 9 12 22 10.5281/zenodo.17348926 https://gphjournal.org/index.php/as/article/view/2146 <p>Oil spills, gas flaring, and poor waste management have resulted in severe environmental damage, leading to increased operational expenses for companies as they struggle to comply with environmental regulations, this study examined the effect of environmental degradation cost and financial performance of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. Environmental degradation cost is the independent variable proxied by oil spill cost, environmental fines and penalties cost, carbon emission cost, waste management cost and environmental restoration cost and financial performance is the dependent variable proxied by return on assets. Ex-post facto research design was used and panel data covering ten (10) years (2015-2024) across nine (9) listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis via E-views 10.0 statistical package. The study findings revealed that oil spill cost has a significant positive effect {Coeff = 6.6475 (0.0028)} on the return on assets of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria, environmental fines and penalties have non-significant negative effect {Coeff = -0.5802 (0.6408)} on the return on assets of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria while carbon emissions cost has a significant negative effect {Coeff = -174.4241 (0.0000)} on the return on assets of listed oil and gas firms on Nigeria. It also revealed that waste management cost has non-significant negative effect {Coeff = -1.4233 (0.7954)} on the return on assets of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria while environmental restoration cost has a non-significant positive effect {Coeff = 1.3290 (0.0853)} on the return on assets of listed oil and gas firms on Nigeria. It was thus concluded that environmental degradation cost has a significant effect on financial performance of listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. The recommendations made included that policymakers and regulators should strengthen environmental regulations and enforcement mechanisms to ensure that oil and gas firms comply with environmental standards, thereby reducing environmental fines and penalties</p> AKANINYENE AKPAN ARTHUR EMMANUEL O. EMENYI SUNDAY A. OKPO ##submission.copyrightStatement## https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2025-11-01 2025-11-01 8 9 23 66 10.5281/zenodo.17500441