Le rôle des interprètes judiciaires dans la garantie d'un procès équitable en RDC

Abstract

This article presents a thorough analysis of judicial interpretation in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), based on personal observations and extensive documentary research. The study highlights various shortcomings, such as the lack of full-time judicial interpreters, the insufficient skills of individuals called upon to perform this role – often bilinguals or randomly selected individuals – and the scarcity of qualified interpreters, due to a lack of appropriate training. The article emphasizes the crucial role of judicial interpreters in ensuring a fair trial, particularly in a country characterized by significant linguistic diversity. While French is the official language in the DRC, a large portion of the population primarily speaks national languages such as Lingala, Kikongo, Tshiluba, or Swahili. Therefore, access to fair justice directly depends on the quality of interpretation services. The analysis also addresses structural challenges related to the absence of specific professional training, the shortage of qualified interpreters, and the lack of clear legal recognition of their status. Finally, this article underscores the importance of effective judicial interpretation in ensuring respect for the rights of litigants and promoting an inclusive and equitable judicial system