ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ADAPTATION MEASURES TO CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS AMONG IRISH POTAOES (solanum tuberosum) FARMERS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Farmers, Climate change, Adaptation, constraint, Irish Potatoe
Abstract
This study analyzed the factors influencing climate change adaptation measures among Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) farmers in Plateau State, Nigeria. Specifically, it described farmers' socioeconomic characteristics, analysed factors influencing adaptation, and identified constraints limiting the adoption of adaptation measures. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 231 respondents from four Local Government Areas, and primary data were collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics, and constraints limiting adaptation measures, while multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing adaptation. The findings revealed that the mean age of respondents was 39 years, with most of the respondents being male (67%), literate, and (49.5%) having tertiary education. The average farming experience was 17 years, household size was five persons, and (76.9%) of respondents were aware of climate change. The multinomial logit regression results showed that farming season (β = 2.668, p < 0.05), age (β = 1.963, p < 0.10), climate change awareness (β = 6.557, p < 0.01), extension contact (β = 3.352, p < 0.01), and access to credit (β = 2.050, p < 0.10) positively influenced adaptation, whereas farm size (β = −3.030, p < 0.05) had a negative effect. Major constraints included inadequate financial resources, land shortage, limited extension services, high input costs, and inadequate input availability. The study concludes that farming season, age, climate change awareness, extension contact, access to credit and farm size are the major factors influencing adaptation measures to climate change. It recommends that strengthening extension services, improving access to credit, promoting climate change awareness, and enhancing access to affordable agricultural inputs are essential for improving farmers' adaptive capacity.
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References
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Kuang, F., Jin, J. and He, R. (2020). Farmers’ livelihood risks, livelihood assets and adaptation
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Mugagga, F., Nimusiima, A., and Elepu, J. (2020). An appraisal of adaptation measures to climate variability by smallholder Irish potato farmers in South Western Uganda. American Journal of Climate Change, .9, 228-242. https://www.scirp.org/journal/ajcc
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National Bureau of Statistics. (2024). Nigeria National Agricultural Sample Census 2022: Report on the listing and community survey questionnaires. National Bureau of Statistics.
National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI). (1976). Growing and breeding of potatoes:
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National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI). (2018). Statistics of registered Irish potatoes
farmers, Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria.
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Republic of Nigeria. Priority table. Abuja, Nigeria.
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Noelle, O. A. (2021). Analysis of perception and adaptation measures of farmers to climate change in Ikara local government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria (Master’s thesis). Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Ofuoku, A. U. and Okompu, D. (2022). Migration among farmers in Delta State, Nigeria: Is it a climate change adaptation strategy? Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID), .116(1), 5-28.
Ogundele, O. T., Apulu, H. I., Ngwu, S., and Odo, K. O (2024). Analysis of rice farmers awareness and adaptation of climate variability in kano state, Nigeria. FUDMA journal of Agricultural Tecnology. 33-36
Ogunmola, S. O., and Olufayo, A. A. (2016). Climate change adaptation measures among rural Farmers in Nigeria: Evidence from Oyo State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, .20(1), 123-135.
Sandra Ricart, Claudio Gandolfi, Andrea Castelletti (2023), Climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation from farmers’ experience and behaviour: atriple‑loop review, Regional Environmental Change (2023) 23:82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02078-3
Sani, U., Abdullahi, Z. A., and Makeri, M. (2015). Economic analysis of Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production under an irrigation system in Katsina metropolis, Katsina State.
Sheikh, A. A., Shah, S. A. A., Ali, S., and Khan, M. (2024). Farmer’s climate change knowledge and adaptive capacity as determinants of climate adaptation strategies. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8, 147138.https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1471238
Udoh, E. D., Samson, E. O., Ema, I. E., and Ogar, B. I. (2025). Factors influencing the adoption of improved production technologies among Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) farmers in Bokkos local government area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, .129(1), 293-302.
World Meteorological Organization. (2025). State of the Global Climate 2024. WMO. https://wmo.int/publication-series/state-of-global-climate/state-of-global-climate-2024
Wuyep, S. Z., Arin, H. B., and Samuel, A. J. (2019). Assessment of indigenous climate change
coping measures among small-scale farmers in Jos East L.G.A, Nigeria. Climate Change, .5(19), 177-187.
Adejuwon, J. O., Odekunle, T. O., and Omotayo, M. O. (2007). Extended-range weather forecasting in sub-Saharan West Africa. Journal of Environmental Studies, 35(2), 13-24.
Aroyehun, A. R., Ugwuja, V.C., and Onoja, A. O. (2024). Determinants of melon farmers adaptation strategies to climate change hazards in south-south Nigeria. Scientific reports, . 14, 17395
Bulus, H., and Nimfa, D. T. (2017). Effects of climate change on Irish potato farming in Plateau: A study of the north and central zones of Plateau State, Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, . 5(11),1-11.
Byishimo patrick. (2020). Assessment of climate change effects on crop yields and farmers’ adaptation measures: A case of Rwanda. AgEcon Search. http://ageconsearch.umn.edu
Cochran, W.G. (1977). Sampling techniques (3rd ed), John Wiley and Sons. 400-411
Damla, F. U., Choji, S. S., Larry A. B. and Dakum, Y. D. (2023). Prevalence of Fungi Associated with Deterioration of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. . 1, 1-10
Dorji, T., Rinchen, K., Morrison-Saunders, A., Blake, D., Banham, V., and Pelden, S. (2024). Understanding how indigenous knowledge contributes to climate change adaptation and resilience: A systematic literature review. Environmental Management, .74, 1101– 1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-024-02032-x
Egwuonwu, H. A. (2024). Adaptation measures to the effects of climate change on vegetable production among women farmers in Imo State, Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, . 22(1), 89-98.
Enimu, S., Onome, E. G., Okuma, O. L., Achoja, F. O. (2022). Choice of climate change adaptation strategies used by food crop farmers in Delta State, Nigeria: The multinomial logistic regression approach. Nigerian Agricultural Policy Research Journal (NAPReJ), . 10(1),143–151.https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.343413
Falola, A., and Achem, B. A. (2017). Perceptions on climate change and adaptation measures
among sweet potato farming households in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. Ceylon Journal of Science.
Fatuase, A., and Ajibefun, I. (2014). Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change among Farmers in Selected Communities of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa University, 31(3), 100–113.
Farauta, K. B., Egbule, C. L., Idrisa, L. Y., and Agu, V. C. (2020). Farmers' perceptions of Climate change and adaptation measures in Northern Nigeria: An empirical assessment. African Technology Policy Studies Network Research Paper, No. 15.
Federal Ministry of Environment. (2021). National Climate Change Policy for Nigeria 2021–2030. Department of Climate Change, Federal Ministry of Environment, Nigeria.
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). (2016). Adaptation to climate change in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries: Perspective, framework, and priorities. Rome: FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6030e.pdf
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2024). The state of food and agriculture 2024: Value-driven transformation of agrifood systems. FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd2616en 1-172
Goni, I. C., Garba, M., Bose, A. A. and Abdullahi, S. (2024). Factors influencing the adoption of
Climate Smart Agricultural Practices among Irish potato farmers in Plateau state, NIGERIA Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (NJAAT)www.njaat.atbu.edu.ng; ume 4, Number 4B, December, 2024ISSN (Print): 2811-1885; ISSN (Online): 2811-1893
Ikpe, E., Ukoh, I. P., and Ikpe, G. J. (2023). Evaluation of farmers’ perceived effects of climate change. change in crop production and resilience toward food security in Benue State, Nigeria. Journal of Meteorology and Climate Science, . 23(1), 43-59.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2023). Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC. https://doi.org/10.59327/IPCC/AR69789291691647
Jwanya, B. A., Dawang, N. C., Zarmai, D. U., and Mashat, I. M. (2014). Economic analysis of
Irrigated Irish potato production in Plateau State: Developing country studies. Academia Journal of Agricultural Research, .4(12) 1-5.
Khan, M., Ali, A., and Rahman,S. (2023). Determinants of farmers' adoption of climate change adaptation strategies in developing countries. Environmental science and policy, .139, 185-194
Kolo, A. and Balere, Y (2018), Costs and returns analysis of potato production under plateau statepotato value chain support project (ps-pvcsp), Nigerian Society for animal production (nsap) 45th annual conference - bauchi 2020 31-34 book of proceedings Plateau Agricultural Development Programme, P.M.B. 2119 Dogon Dutse, Plateau State, Nigeria
Komba, C. and Muchapondwa, E. (2023). Adaptation to climate change by smallholder farmers in Tanzania. Economic Research Southern Africa (ERSA) working paper 299. http://www.efdinitiative.org/sites/default/files/wp299_0.pdf Accessed on March, 2023
Kuang, F., Jin, J. and He, R. (2020). Farmers’ livelihood risks, livelihood assets and adaptation
strategies in Rugao City, China. Journal of Environmental Management 264: 110463.
Mugagga, F., Nimusiima, A., and Elepu, J. (2020). An appraisal of adaptation measures to climate variability by smallholder Irish potato farmers in South Western Uganda. American Journal of Climate Change, .9, 228-242. https://www.scirp.org/journal/ajcc
Muriithi David Ikua (2023), Analysis of the effect of climate variability and socio-economic factorson adaptation strategies among small-scale farmers. A case study of Nyandarua County, Kenya, PhD thesis. University of Nairobi.
National Bureau of Statistics. (2024). Nigeria National Agricultural Sample Census 2022: Report on the listing and community survey questionnaires. National Bureau of Statistics.
National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI). (1976). Growing and breeding of potatoes:
History of potato in Nigeria, Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria.
National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI). (2018). Statistics of registered Irish potatoes
farmers, Jos South, Plateau State, Nigeria.
National Population Commission (NPC). (2017). Population and housing census of the Federal
Republic of Nigeria. Priority table. Abuja, Nigeria.
Nicholas O., Madukwe, M. C., Enete, A., Amaechina, E.,Onukula, O., Eboh, E., Ujah, O., and Southern Nigeria. Development Partnerships in Higher Education (DelPHE) project executive summary, DFID and British Council, Enugu; African Institute for Applied Economics.
Noelle, O. A. (2021). Analysis of perception and adaptation measures of farmers to climate change in Ikara local government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria (Master’s thesis). Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
Ofuoku, A. U. and Okompu, D. (2022). Migration among farmers in Delta State, Nigeria: Is it a climate change adaptation strategy? Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID), .116(1), 5-28.
Ogundele, O. T., Apulu, H. I., Ngwu, S., and Odo, K. O (2024). Analysis of rice farmers awareness and adaptation of climate variability in kano state, Nigeria. FUDMA journal of Agricultural Tecnology. 33-36
Ogunmola, S. O., and Olufayo, A. A. (2016). Climate change adaptation measures among rural Farmers in Nigeria: Evidence from Oyo State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, .20(1), 123-135.
Sandra Ricart, Claudio Gandolfi, Andrea Castelletti (2023), Climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation from farmers’ experience and behaviour: atriple‑loop review, Regional Environmental Change (2023) 23:82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-023-02078-3
Sani, U., Abdullahi, Z. A., and Makeri, M. (2015). Economic analysis of Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production under an irrigation system in Katsina metropolis, Katsina State.
Sheikh, A. A., Shah, S. A. A., Ali, S., and Khan, M. (2024). Farmer’s climate change knowledge and adaptive capacity as determinants of climate adaptation strategies. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8, 147138.https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1471238
Udoh, E. D., Samson, E. O., Ema, I. E., and Ogar, B. I. (2025). Factors influencing the adoption of improved production technologies among Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) farmers in Bokkos local government area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, .129(1), 293-302.
World Meteorological Organization. (2025). State of the Global Climate 2024. WMO. https://wmo.int/publication-series/state-of-global-climate/state-of-global-climate-2024
Wuyep, S. Z., Arin, H. B., and Samuel, A. J. (2019). Assessment of indigenous climate change
coping measures among small-scale farmers in Jos East L.G.A, Nigeria. Climate Change, .5(19), 177-187.
Published
2026-09-06
How to Cite
Rejoice, N. A., Ukpe, H. U., & Sa’adu, M. (2026). ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ADAPTATION MEASURES TO CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS AMONG IRISH POTAOES (solanum tuberosum) FARMERS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA. GPH-International Journal of Agriculture and Research, 9(7), 22-39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22521546
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