Effect of pulverized leaves of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) and Pterocarpus santalinoides (utrukpa leaf) on liver function enzymes of indomethacin-induced ulcerated adult male Wistar rats
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of pulverized leaves of Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) and Pterocarpus santalinoides (utrukpa leaf) on the liver function enzymes activities of indomethacin-induced adult male Wistar rats. Fresh leaves of the samples were harvested, weighed and washed with tap water. One hundred grams of each leaf was blended with 200 ml of water to produce the pulverized samples used for the rat study. The results of the acute toxicity (LD50) test of the two leaf samples showed that the leaves were safe at high doses. Forty-nine adult male rats used for the study were grouped into 7 (A-G) based on body weight. The groups B-G were induced with 30 mg/kg/body weight of indomethacin after a 3-day acclimatization. Two rats were randomly selected from each induced group and sacrificed to ascertain the presence of ulcer. The group A which was not induced served as the control; the Group B was the negative control (induced but not treated);Group C the positive (induced and treated with standard drugs); the Groups D and E were treated with 300 and 600 mg/kg/body weight of pulverized Ocimum gratissimum sample, respectively while the Groups F and G were treated with 300 and 600 mg/kg/body weight of pulverized Pterocarpus santalinoides sample, respectively. All the groups were fed rat chow and water for 14 days. Liver function enzyme activities of the rats were analyzed using standard methods for baseline and endline. Data collected were statistically analyzed using the statistical product for service solution (SPSS) version 24.0. T-test was used to compare the baseline and endline data within the groups. Analysis of variance and Duncan’s new multiple range test were used to separate the means. The results were presented as means and standard deviation and a significant level was set at p<0.05. The leaf samples significantly (p<0.05) reduced the liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) of the treated rats. The 600 mg/kg/body weight of O. gratissimum had the highest effect on the ALP with 53.46% (60.60±13.01 to 28.20±4.97) difference between the baseline and endline. The 300 mg/kg/body weight of P. santalinoide had the highest effect on the AST and the ALT with 50.86% (46.72±2.73 to 22.96±3.71) and 54.65% (66.60±2.07 to 30.20±2.86) difference between the base and endlines values, respectively. The pulverized leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Pterocarpus santalinoides reduced the elevated liver enzymes caused by induction with indomethacin to normal
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