Local Governments Revenue Component and Economic Development in Nigeria
Keywords:
Local Government Revenue component, Economic Development, Poverty Level, Unemployment Level, Nigeria
Abstract
Over the years and now, there has been considerable debate about the relationship between local government’s revenue structure and economic development level. Although macroeconomic theory postulates that local government’s revenue structure stimulate economic development level, empirical research has been less conclusive about this relationship. This study empirically examines this controversial relationship within the Nigerian context. Time series data on different types of local governments revenue structure and economic development level were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, annual Central Bank of Nigeria reports, National Bureau of statistics and published allocation to local governments from the federation account sourced from the office of accountant general of the federation spanning from 1993-2019. Ordinary Least Square Multiple Regression, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag, Augmented Dickey Fuller, Unit Root test, Cointegration test, Granger Causality Test and Error Correction model was used in analyzing the data with the aid of E-view version 10. The empirical results indicate that local governments revenue structure significantly relate to economic development level, explaining about 75.9% and 74.1% of the total variation in poverty and unemployment. Local government revenue structures were found to significantly relate to economic development level. The empirical study therefore concludes that local governments revenue structure has the potency to make significant contribution to economic development level and recommends the application of best practices and effective management strategies to enhance revenue generation and utilization infrastructural projects so as to enable them fulfill their statutory responsibilities to the citizens at the grassroots thereby contributing their quota towards economic development in Nigeria.
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References
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Adade, B.J. (2018). E-taxation adoption and revenue generation in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 9(24),116-124
Adebayo, A. (1970). Finance in Nigeria: Problem and problems, IIe: Best man publishers.
Adeleke, A. & Ehinomen, C (2012). Financing local government projects through the capital market: A proposition for self reliance in finance. The National Accountant Journal, 45(2), 3-8.
Adereti, S.A., Adesina, J.A. & Sanni, M.R (2011). Value added tax on economic growth in Nigeria. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sconces, 10(1),456-471.
Adeyemi, K.S.(2012). Sustainable development strategies for poverty alleviation: The tax perspective. International Journal of Accountancy, 115(18),69-77
Agbor, M.B. (2020). The effect of tax practices on the economy of countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Finance and Accounting, 24(51),93-115
Akindele, S.T. & Olaopa, O. (2002). Fiscal Federation and local government finances in Nigeria, Lagos: government printers.
Alli, B.D. (2009). Managing the tax reform process in Nigeria. Niger Account, 42(1),45-51.
Amelita, C.R. (2005). Entrepreneurial approaches of local government units in government: The Philippine experiences. A paper presented at the annual conference of Network of Asia Pacific schools and institutes of public administration and governance (NAPSIPAG), Beising between, 5-7 Dec., 2005.
Amina, A.A. & Eluwu, D.I. (2014) . The impact of tax reforms on government revenue generation in Nigeria. Journal of Economic and Social Development (JESD), 1(1),1-10
Anastassiou, T & Dritsaki, C. (2005). Tax revenue and economic growth: Am empirical investigation in Greece. .Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2),99-140.
Appah, E (2010). The relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth in Nigeria. (1991-2005). International Journal of Economic Development Research and Investment, 12(2),37-47
Ayuba, A.J. (2014). International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),303-309
Ayuba, A.J. (2015). Impact of non-oil revenue on economic growth: The Nigeria perspective. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),303-309.
Bellow – Imar, I.E. (1990). Local Government finance in Nigeria, Ibadan, NISER.
Chigba, E.E. & Njoku, C.O (2015). Taxation and the Nigeria economy 1994-2012. Management Studies and Economic System, 2(2),111-128
Chigbu, E.E., Leonard, I.A., Bossco, E.O. & Henry, C.A. (2018). Impact of e-taxation on Nigerian revenue and economic growth: A pre-post analysis. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(2),19-26
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Dickey, D.A. and Fuller, W.A. (1999). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(5), 427-431
Dickson, E.O. & Rolle, R.A. (2014). The impact of tax reform on federal revenue generation in Nigeria. Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 9(1),62-109
Edogbanya, A. and Sule, J.G (2013). Revenue generation: Its impact on governmental effort (A study of selected council in Kogi East: Global Journal of Management and Business Research Administration and Management, 13(4),15-35.
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Enahoro, J.A. & Olabisi, J (2012).Tax administration and revenue generation of Lagos, State government, Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),133-139
Enyk, R.F. & Granger, C.W.J (1987). Cointegration and Error Correction. Representation, Estimation and Testing. Econometric, 55(3),251-276.
Ezeabasili, V.N. Tsegbu, I.N. & Herbert, W.E. (2012). Economic growth and fiscal deficits: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. Economics and Finance Review, 296),85-96.
Ghyarati, D.N. & Porter, D.C. (2009). Basic econometrics 5th Ed. Bostm: Mcgraw Hill International Edition.
Gray, B. (1989). Collaborating. Finding Common Ground for Multiparty Problems. San- Franscisco: Jossey Bass.
Gylych, J., Samira, A. & Abdurahman, I. (2016). The impact of tax reforms and economic growth of Nigeria. The Empirical Economics Letters, 15(5),72-79
Halina, F.O. (2014). A critical analysis of tax sector reforms in Nigeria from 1978-2012. Journal of Energy Economics Policy, 3(2),143-152
Ibadin, P.O & Oladipupo, A.O (2015). Indirect taxes and economic growth in Nigeria. Ekon Misgo 1 Praksanbk, 24(2), 345-364
Ibanichuka, E. (2014). Assessment of the long-run equilibrium relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nigeria: 1986-2012. The SIJ transactions on industrial, financial & Business Management (IFBM), 2(2),39-47.
Ilenyen, C.J. & Mieseigha, E.G. (2014). Taxation as an instrument of economic growth. The Nigerian perspective. Information and Knowledge Management, 4(120, 49-53
James, A. & Moses, A. (2012). Impact of tax administration on government revenue in a developing economy. A case study of Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 3(8), 99-113
Jones, E & Ekwueme, D.C. (2016). Assessment of the impact of tax reforms on economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 2(2),15-28
Jones, Ed., Ihendinihu, J.G. & Nwaiwu, J.N (2015). Total revenue and economic growth in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(1), 40-46.
Kaldor, N. (2017). The case for regional policies. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 17(3),337-348.
Kim, H.I. (1995). Local Governments revenue: A contingency analysis. Malaysian Accounting Review, 6(2),1-8.
Musgrave, R.A. & Musgrave, P.(2004). Public Finance in theory and practice. Indian: Tata McGraw-Hill.
Ndulue, J.K. (2005). The private sector and generation of tax revenue in the FCT, Abuja. Abuja Journal of Administration and Management, 11(2),75-83.
Nel, E. (2019). Local economic development: A review and assessment of its current status in South Africa. Urban Studies, 38(7),1003-1024.
North, C.D.(2012). Institution and economic theory: American Economist, 36(1),3-6
Nwachukwu, C. (2013). Economic diversification optimizing revenue generation at state and local government levels paper presented at advocacy workshop on economic. Diversification and enhanced revenue generation on 17-18 June 2013 by the presidency Federal Republic of Nigeria.
Nwaiwu, J.N. (2020). Oil revenue and economic development in Nigeria. Accounting Journal, 5(2),57-70
Nwosu, O.C & Okafor, H.O. (2014). Government revenue and expenditure in Nigeria. A disaggregated analysis. Asian and Financial Revenue, 47(3),877-892.
Oates, W. (1996). The effects of property taxes and local public spending on property values: An empirical study of tax capitalization and tie about hypotheses. Journal of political economy, 77(5),957-971.
Obara, L.C. & Nongih, E. (2017). Tax Compliance barriers and internally generated revenue in Nigeria: Empirical from small and medium enterprises in Port-Harcourt metropolis. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 7(4),169-176
Ofoegbu, G.N., Akwu, D.O. & Olieve, O. (2016). Empirical analysis of effect of tax revenue on economic development of Nigeria. International of Asian Social Science, 6(1), 604-613.
Ofoegbu, G.N., Akwu, D.O. & Oliver, O. (2016). Empirical analysis of effect of tax revenue on economic development of Nigeria. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 10(6),604-613
Ogbonna, G.N. & Appah, E. (2012). Impact of reforms and economic growth of Nigeria: A time series Analysis. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1),62-68.
Ojong, C.M., Anthony, O. & Akripo, B.F(2016). The impact of tax revenue on economic growth: Evidence from Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(1),32-38
Omoruyi, S. E (2019). Growth and Flexibility of federal government tax revenue: 1960-1979. Economic and Financial Review, 21(1),11-19
Onyele, K.O & Nwokocha, E.B (2016). Sources of public funds and economic prosperity: The Nigerian case. Journal of Business & Financial Affairs, 5(4),2-11
Orewa, G.O. (1983). Rural and Local administration in Nigeria. the changing scene, Benin City: Ethiope Publishing Corporation.
Orewa, G.O. and Adewumi, J.B. (1992). Local Government in Nigeria. The changing science, Benin City: Ethiopia Publishing Corporation.
Osunkoga, D. (2019). Nigeria tax system needs autonomy to develop its economy. Journal of Accounting Literature, 25(6), 12-25
Owens, J. (2006) Tax in a Borderless world. Journal of Political Education, 41(11),38-50
Peter, A.O. & Ferdinard, I.). (2016). Tax reforms and revenue trend in Nigeria: The Dyadie Internet. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(19),84-92
Rogerson, C.M. (1995). Local economic development planning in the developing world, Regional Development Dialogue, 16(2),5-25
Sanchez, O.A. (2000). The legacy of human development: A tribute to Habbubul Haq. Journal of Human Development, 1(1),9-16
Soludo, . (2017). Towards the economic transformation and viability of Nigeria states: Can we break the oil resource curse? Being an inauguration lecture delivered in Niger state on May 28, 2011 as part of Dr. Ma’azu Babangida Aliya, Nigerian Journal of Banking and Finance, 2(1),15-36.
Tanzi, V. & Zee, H.H. (2000). Tax policy for emerging markets: Developing countries. National Tax Journal, 53(2),299-322
Tuaneh, G.L. &Essi, I.D. (2017. Simultaneous equation modeling of investment and consumption function in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 3(8),53-71
Tuaneh, L.G. & Okidim, A.I. (2019). On agricultural performance amidst macroeconomic instability in Nigeria: Auto regressive distributed lagged modeling 2010 q1-2017 q4. Asian Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting, 10(2),1-13
Ude, D.K. & Ayodi, J.E. (2014). Investigation of the impact of non-oil revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(11), 2319-7064.
Uhunmwuangho, S.O. & Aibieyi (2013). Problems of revenue generation in Local Government Administration in Nigeria. AFRREV IJN, 2(3), 20-30.
Uzoka, P.U & Chiedu, C.U. (2018). Effect of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 4(7),2545-5303
Vincent (2001). Leyira, C.M., Chukwuman, E. & Asian, A.U. (2012). Tax system in Nigeria: Challenge and the way forward. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),9-15.
Worlu, C.N. & Emeka, N (2017).Tax revenue and economic development in Nigeria: A macro econometric approach. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(1),211-223
Yusuf, M.(2015). An analysis of the impact of oil price shocks on the growth of the Nigerian economy, 1970-2011. African Journal of Business Management, 9(3),103-115
Absede, A. & Akintola, E.W. (2014). Local Government Funding: Entrepreneurial perspective to internally generated funds (IGFs). International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research(IJMSR) 2(5), 4-16.
Achua, E(2012). Finance imbalance and fiscal autonomy in Nigerian local governments: Benue State Experience. The National Accountant Journal, 45(2),16-20.
Adade, B.J. (2018). E-taxation adoption and revenue generation in Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 9(24),116-124
Adebayo, A. (1970). Finance in Nigeria: Problem and problems, IIe: Best man publishers.
Adeleke, A. & Ehinomen, C (2012). Financing local government projects through the capital market: A proposition for self reliance in finance. The National Accountant Journal, 45(2), 3-8.
Adereti, S.A., Adesina, J.A. & Sanni, M.R (2011). Value added tax on economic growth in Nigeria. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sconces, 10(1),456-471.
Adeyemi, K.S.(2012). Sustainable development strategies for poverty alleviation: The tax perspective. International Journal of Accountancy, 115(18),69-77
Agbor, M.B. (2020). The effect of tax practices on the economy of countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Finance and Accounting, 24(51),93-115
Akindele, S.T. & Olaopa, O. (2002). Fiscal Federation and local government finances in Nigeria, Lagos: government printers.
Alli, B.D. (2009). Managing the tax reform process in Nigeria. Niger Account, 42(1),45-51.
Amelita, C.R. (2005). Entrepreneurial approaches of local government units in government: The Philippine experiences. A paper presented at the annual conference of Network of Asia Pacific schools and institutes of public administration and governance (NAPSIPAG), Beising between, 5-7 Dec., 2005.
Amina, A.A. & Eluwu, D.I. (2014) . The impact of tax reforms on government revenue generation in Nigeria. Journal of Economic and Social Development (JESD), 1(1),1-10
Anastassiou, T & Dritsaki, C. (2005). Tax revenue and economic growth: Am empirical investigation in Greece. .Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2),99-140.
Appah, E (2010). The relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth in Nigeria. (1991-2005). International Journal of Economic Development Research and Investment, 12(2),37-47
Ayuba, A.J. (2014). International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),303-309
Ayuba, A.J. (2015). Impact of non-oil revenue on economic growth: The Nigeria perspective. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),303-309.
Bellow – Imar, I.E. (1990). Local Government finance in Nigeria, Ibadan, NISER.
Chigba, E.E. & Njoku, C.O (2015). Taxation and the Nigeria economy 1994-2012. Management Studies and Economic System, 2(2),111-128
Chigbu, E.E., Leonard, I.A., Bossco, E.O. & Henry, C.A. (2018). Impact of e-taxation on Nigerian revenue and economic growth: A pre-post analysis. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(2),19-26
Cornelius, M.O., Ogar, A. & Oka, F.A. (2016). The impact of tax revenue on economic growth: Evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Economic and Finance, 7(1),32-38
Dickey, D.A. and Fuller, W.A. (1999). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(5), 427-431
Dickson, E.O. & Rolle, R.A. (2014). The impact of tax reform on federal revenue generation in Nigeria. Journal of Policy and Development Studies, 9(1),62-109
Edogbanya, A. and Sule, J.G (2013). Revenue generation: Its impact on governmental effort (A study of selected council in Kogi East: Global Journal of Management and Business Research Administration and Management, 13(4),15-35.
Edori, D.S., Edori, I.S. & Idatoru, A.R. (2017). Issues and challenges inherent in the Nigerian tax system. Journal of Management Science and Engineering, 2(4),52-57
Ekeocha, P., Ekeocha C., Malaudu U. & Odah, M (2012). Revenue implications of Nigeria’s tax system. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 3(8),206-215
Ekeocha, P.C., Ekeocha, C.S., Malaolu, V. & Oduh, M.O. (2012). Revenue Implications of Nigeria’s tax system. Journal of Econometrics and Sustainable Development, 3(8),206-215.
Ekeoha, P.C., Ekeoha, S.C., Makolu, V. & Onyema, M (2012). Revenue Implications of Nigeria’s tax system. Journal of Economic and Sustainable Development, 3(8),206-214
Ekpo, A.H. & John, N. (1998). Local fiscal operations in Nigeria. Research paper, 73,AERC Nairobi, Kenya.
Emenuga, C. (1993). The search for an acceptable revenue allocation formula: The National Questions and Economic Development in Nigeria Ibadan, Nigerian Economic Society.
Enahoro, J.A. & Olabisi, J (2012).Tax administration and revenue generation of Lagos, State government, Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),133-139
Enyk, R.F. & Granger, C.W.J (1987). Cointegration and Error Correction. Representation, Estimation and Testing. Econometric, 55(3),251-276.
Ezeabasili, V.N. Tsegbu, I.N. & Herbert, W.E. (2012). Economic growth and fiscal deficits: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. Economics and Finance Review, 296),85-96.
Ghyarati, D.N. & Porter, D.C. (2009). Basic econometrics 5th Ed. Bostm: Mcgraw Hill International Edition.
Gray, B. (1989). Collaborating. Finding Common Ground for Multiparty Problems. San- Franscisco: Jossey Bass.
Gylych, J., Samira, A. & Abdurahman, I. (2016). The impact of tax reforms and economic growth of Nigeria. The Empirical Economics Letters, 15(5),72-79
Halina, F.O. (2014). A critical analysis of tax sector reforms in Nigeria from 1978-2012. Journal of Energy Economics Policy, 3(2),143-152
Ibadin, P.O & Oladipupo, A.O (2015). Indirect taxes and economic growth in Nigeria. Ekon Misgo 1 Praksanbk, 24(2), 345-364
Ibanichuka, E. (2014). Assessment of the long-run equilibrium relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nigeria: 1986-2012. The SIJ transactions on industrial, financial & Business Management (IFBM), 2(2),39-47.
Ilenyen, C.J. & Mieseigha, E.G. (2014). Taxation as an instrument of economic growth. The Nigerian perspective. Information and Knowledge Management, 4(120, 49-53
James, A. & Moses, A. (2012). Impact of tax administration on government revenue in a developing economy. A case study of Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 3(8), 99-113
Jones, E & Ekwueme, D.C. (2016). Assessment of the impact of tax reforms on economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of Accounting and Financial Management, 2(2),15-28
Jones, Ed., Ihendinihu, J.G. & Nwaiwu, J.N (2015). Total revenue and economic growth in Nigeria: Empirical Evidence. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(1), 40-46.
Kaldor, N. (2017). The case for regional policies. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 17(3),337-348.
Kim, H.I. (1995). Local Governments revenue: A contingency analysis. Malaysian Accounting Review, 6(2),1-8.
Musgrave, R.A. & Musgrave, P.(2004). Public Finance in theory and practice. Indian: Tata McGraw-Hill.
Ndulue, J.K. (2005). The private sector and generation of tax revenue in the FCT, Abuja. Abuja Journal of Administration and Management, 11(2),75-83.
Nel, E. (2019). Local economic development: A review and assessment of its current status in South Africa. Urban Studies, 38(7),1003-1024.
North, C.D.(2012). Institution and economic theory: American Economist, 36(1),3-6
Nwachukwu, C. (2013). Economic diversification optimizing revenue generation at state and local government levels paper presented at advocacy workshop on economic. Diversification and enhanced revenue generation on 17-18 June 2013 by the presidency Federal Republic of Nigeria.
Nwaiwu, J.N. (2020). Oil revenue and economic development in Nigeria. Accounting Journal, 5(2),57-70
Nwosu, O.C & Okafor, H.O. (2014). Government revenue and expenditure in Nigeria. A disaggregated analysis. Asian and Financial Revenue, 47(3),877-892.
Oates, W. (1996). The effects of property taxes and local public spending on property values: An empirical study of tax capitalization and tie about hypotheses. Journal of political economy, 77(5),957-971.
Obara, L.C. & Nongih, E. (2017). Tax Compliance barriers and internally generated revenue in Nigeria: Empirical from small and medium enterprises in Port-Harcourt metropolis. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 7(4),169-176
Ofoegbu, G.N., Akwu, D.O. & Olieve, O. (2016). Empirical analysis of effect of tax revenue on economic development of Nigeria. International of Asian Social Science, 6(1), 604-613.
Ofoegbu, G.N., Akwu, D.O. & Oliver, O. (2016). Empirical analysis of effect of tax revenue on economic development of Nigeria. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 10(6),604-613
Ogbonna, G.N. & Appah, E. (2012). Impact of reforms and economic growth of Nigeria: A time series Analysis. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1),62-68.
Ojong, C.M., Anthony, O. & Akripo, B.F(2016). The impact of tax revenue on economic growth: Evidence from Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(1),32-38
Omoruyi, S. E (2019). Growth and Flexibility of federal government tax revenue: 1960-1979. Economic and Financial Review, 21(1),11-19
Onyele, K.O & Nwokocha, E.B (2016). Sources of public funds and economic prosperity: The Nigerian case. Journal of Business & Financial Affairs, 5(4),2-11
Orewa, G.O. (1983). Rural and Local administration in Nigeria. the changing scene, Benin City: Ethiope Publishing Corporation.
Orewa, G.O. and Adewumi, J.B. (1992). Local Government in Nigeria. The changing science, Benin City: Ethiopia Publishing Corporation.
Osunkoga, D. (2019). Nigeria tax system needs autonomy to develop its economy. Journal of Accounting Literature, 25(6), 12-25
Owens, J. (2006) Tax in a Borderless world. Journal of Political Education, 41(11),38-50
Peter, A.O. & Ferdinard, I.). (2016). Tax reforms and revenue trend in Nigeria: The Dyadie Internet. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(19),84-92
Rogerson, C.M. (1995). Local economic development planning in the developing world, Regional Development Dialogue, 16(2),5-25
Sanchez, O.A. (2000). The legacy of human development: A tribute to Habbubul Haq. Journal of Human Development, 1(1),9-16
Soludo, . (2017). Towards the economic transformation and viability of Nigeria states: Can we break the oil resource curse? Being an inauguration lecture delivered in Niger state on May 28, 2011 as part of Dr. Ma’azu Babangida Aliya, Nigerian Journal of Banking and Finance, 2(1),15-36.
Tanzi, V. & Zee, H.H. (2000). Tax policy for emerging markets: Developing countries. National Tax Journal, 53(2),299-322
Tuaneh, G.L. &Essi, I.D. (2017. Simultaneous equation modeling of investment and consumption function in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 3(8),53-71
Tuaneh, L.G. & Okidim, A.I. (2019). On agricultural performance amidst macroeconomic instability in Nigeria: Auto regressive distributed lagged modeling 2010 q1-2017 q4. Asian Journal of Economic, Business and Accounting, 10(2),1-13
Ude, D.K. & Ayodi, J.E. (2014). Investigation of the impact of non-oil revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(11), 2319-7064.
Uhunmwuangho, S.O. & Aibieyi (2013). Problems of revenue generation in Local Government Administration in Nigeria. AFRREV IJN, 2(3), 20-30.
Uzoka, P.U & Chiedu, C.U. (2018). Effect of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 4(7),2545-5303
Vincent (2001). Leyira, C.M., Chukwuman, E. & Asian, A.U. (2012). Tax system in Nigeria: Challenge and the way forward. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 3(5),9-15.
Worlu, C.N. & Emeka, N (2017).Tax revenue and economic development in Nigeria: A macro econometric approach. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(1),211-223
Yusuf, M.(2015). An analysis of the impact of oil price shocks on the growth of the Nigerian economy, 1970-2011. African Journal of Business Management, 9(3),103-115
Published
2022-03-31
How to Cite
WOBO, H. O. (2022). Local Governments Revenue Component and Economic Development in Nigeria. GPH-International Journal of Business Management, 5(03), 34-56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7267617
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