A POST-EDITING TURN IN TRANSLATOR EDUCATION: TOWARDS A CREATIVE CRAFTMANSHIP IN TRANSLATION
Keywords:
Creativity, Machine Translation, Human Translation, Post-Editing Translation
Abstract
This study assesses the significant impact of post-editing on translators’ creative decision-making in the translation process. The main concerns revolve around the quality of the final translation product and the freedom of the translator to exercise creativity in post-editing as opposed to relying on direct theMachine Translation output. While some peers easily adapt to this era, others consider machine translation as an enemy that will eventually overpower human translation. The study adopts a qualitative, descriptive, a metanalytic approach using a cross-sectional case study design that makes use of a questionnaire, an ex-post facto/quasi-experiment to assess creative translation craftmanship in MTPE and HT. To assess the expectations and attitudes towards machine and post-editing translation platforms, thestudy draws its insights from creativity translation literature andthe interpretive theory in translation studies. The study posits that preserving the artistic and cultural nuances of the source text, while allowing the translator’s creative input to shine is a crucial factor in translation and is also an essential element in perpetuating human translation. The results of this study have implications for the development ofthe creative potentials of professional and trainee translators.
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References
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Aranda, L.V. (2007).Handbook of Spanish-English Translation. University Press of America
Ballard, M. (1997). « Créativité et traduction. » Target 9(1): 85-100.
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Bayer-Hohenwarter, G. (2011). ‘Creative Shifts as a Means of Measuring and Promoting Translational Creativity’. Meta 56 (3): 663–92. https://doi.org/10.7202/1008339ar
Casanovas, M. (2011). “Innovation Factory Brainstorming: improving idea generation through experiential learning training”. In Proceedings XXII ISPIM Conference: Sustainability in Innovation (ISPIM 2011, ISBN 978-952-265- 091-7), Hamburg, Germany – 12-15 June 2011.
Carl, M. Dragsted, B. et al (2011).The Process of Post-Editing: a Pilot Study. Department of International Language Studies and Computational Linguistics, Copenhagen Business School Denmark
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996:11).Creativity: flow and the psychology of discovery and invention (1st ed.). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
Do Carmo, F. (2020) ‘Time is money’ and the value of translation. Translation Spaces, 9 (1), 35 -57
EMT Board. (2017), December. The European Master’s in Translation Competence Framework 2017. Ec.Europa.Eu. Retrieved 6 December 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/emt_competence_fwk_2017_en_web.pdf
Guerberof, A and Moorkens, J. (2019). “Machine Translation and Post-editing training as part of a master’s programme”. Jostrans – Journal of Specialized Translation. 31, 217 – 238.
Guerberof-Arenas, A., & Toral, A. (2020). The impact of post-editing and machine translation on creativity and reading experience. Translation Spaces, 9(2), 255-282. https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.20035.gue
Hennessey, B.A., Amabile, T.M. (2010) Creativity, Annual Review of Psychology, 61: 569 – 598.
Hewson, L. (2016). ‘Creativity in Translator Training: Between the Possible, the Improbable and the (Apparently) Impossible’. Linguaculture 2016 (2): 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1515/lincu-2016- 0010
Johnson, R. L. and Whitelock, P. (1987), “Machine Translation as an Expert Task”, in S. Nirenburg (ed) Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues, Cambridge University press, Cambridge, 136-144.
Kenny, D. and Doherty, S. (2014). “Statistical Machine Translation in the Translation Curriculum: Overcoming Obstacles and Empowering Translators, Interpreter and Translator Trainer8 (2): 276 94
Krings, H. P. and Koby, G. S. (eds) (2001), Repairing Texts: Empirical Investigations of Machine-Translation Post-Editing Processes, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio.
Malmkjær, K. (2019).Translation and Creativity. London and New York: Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group
McElhaney, T. and Vasconcellos, M. (1988), “The Translator and the Postediting Experience”, in Vasconcellos (1988), 140- 148.
O’Brien, S. (2002). Teaching post-editing: a proposal for course content. In: Proceedings of the 6th EAMT Workshop Teaching Machine Translation, 99-106. Manchester: European Association for Machine Translation.
O’Brien, S. (2005). Methodologies for Measuring the Correlations between Post-Editing Effort and Machine Translatability. ResearchGate, 19(1):37-58
O’Brien, S. (2011). ‘Towards Predicting Post-Editing Productivity’. Machine Translation 25 (3): 197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9096-7.
Parnes, S.J. and Brunelle, E.A. (1967).The Literature of Creativity (part 1). The Journal of Creative Behaviour, !1972 a, 1 (2), 52 – 109.;
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Rose, L.H, Lin, H.-T. (1984). A meta-analysis of long-term creativity training programs, Journal of Creative Behavior, 18(1):11 – 22
Rojo, A. (2017). ‘The Role of Creativity’. In The Handbook of Translation and Cognition, 350–68. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119241485.ch19
Runco, M.A. (2007).A Hierarchical Framework for the Study of Creativity. California State University, Fullerton, and the Norwegian School of Business Administration and Economics
Ryan, J. P. (1988), The Role of the Translator in Making an MT System Work: Perspective of a Developer, in Vasconcellos (1988), 127-132
Sawyer, R.K. (2006). Explaining Creativity: The science of human innovation, Oxford University Press
Schwarz, M. C. (2015). « What King of People Are Translators?” The Open Mic Slator Language Industry Market Report
Scott, G., Leritz, L.E., Mumford, M.D. (2004). The effectiveness of creative training: A quantitative review, Creativity Research Journal, 16(4): 361 – 388
Simeoni, D. (1995). ‘Translating and Studying Translation: The View from the Agent’ in Meta 40(3): 445–460.
Simeoni, D. (1998). ‘The pivotal status of the translator’s habitus’ in Target 10: 1–39
Somers, H. (1997), “A Practical Approach to Using Machine Translation Software: ‘Post-editing the Source Text’”, The Translator 3, 193-212
Sternberg, R. J. and Lubart, T. I. (2004). “The concept of creativity: prospects and paradigms.” In STERNBERG, Robert J. Handbook of creativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 3-15
Sullivan, C. (2013).Creativity. Handbook of Translation Studies Volume 4, pp. 42–46. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Toral, A. (2019). ‘Post-Editese: An Exacerbated Translationese’. ArXiv:1907.00900 [Cs], October. http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00900.
Toral, A, Martijn W, and Way, A. (2018). ‘Post-Editing Effort of a Novel with Statistical and Neural Machine Translation’. Frontiers in Digital Humanities 5: 1–11.
Torrance, E.P. (1972).Is Creativity Teachable; Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation* Bloomington* Ind.
Vanmassenhove, E, Dimitar S, and Way., A. (2019). ‘Lost in Translation: Loss and Decay of Linguistic Richness in Machine Translation’. ArXiv:1906.12068 [Cs], June. http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.12068
Vernon, P.E (1989).The Nature-Nurture in Creativity, Springer
Vasconcellos, M. and Léon, M. (1985), “SPANAM and ENGSPAN: Machine Translation at the Pan American Health Organization”, Computational Linguistics 11, 122-136
Vinay, J. P. and Darbelnet. J. (1958).Stylistique Comparée Du Français et de l’anglais: Méthode de Traduction. Vol. 1. Bibliothèque de Stylistique Comparée. Paris: Didier
Wagner, E. (1985), “Post-Editing Systran – A Challenge for Commission Translator”, Terminologie et Traduction 3
Aranda, L.V. (2007).Handbook of Spanish-English Translation. University Press of America
Ballard, M. (1997). « Créativité et traduction. » Target 9(1): 85-100.
Bayer-Hohenwarter, G. (2009.) “Translational creativity: how to measure the unmeasurable.” In Behind the mind: methods, models and results in translation process research, Susanne Göpferich, ArntLykkeJakobsen and Inger M. Mees (eds), 39-59. Copenhagen: Samfundslitteratur.
Bayer-Hohenwarter, G. (2011). ‘Creative Shifts as a Means of Measuring and Promoting Translational Creativity’. Meta 56 (3): 663–92. https://doi.org/10.7202/1008339ar
Casanovas, M. (2011). “Innovation Factory Brainstorming: improving idea generation through experiential learning training”. In Proceedings XXII ISPIM Conference: Sustainability in Innovation (ISPIM 2011, ISBN 978-952-265- 091-7), Hamburg, Germany – 12-15 June 2011.
Carl, M. Dragsted, B. et al (2011).The Process of Post-Editing: a Pilot Study. Department of International Language Studies and Computational Linguistics, Copenhagen Business School Denmark
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1996:11).Creativity: flow and the psychology of discovery and invention (1st ed.). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
Do Carmo, F. (2020) ‘Time is money’ and the value of translation. Translation Spaces, 9 (1), 35 -57
EMT Board. (2017), December. The European Master’s in Translation Competence Framework 2017. Ec.Europa.Eu. Retrieved 6 December 2021, from https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/emt_competence_fwk_2017_en_web.pdf
Guerberof, A and Moorkens, J. (2019). “Machine Translation and Post-editing training as part of a master’s programme”. Jostrans – Journal of Specialized Translation. 31, 217 – 238.
Guerberof-Arenas, A., & Toral, A. (2020). The impact of post-editing and machine translation on creativity and reading experience. Translation Spaces, 9(2), 255-282. https://doi.org/10.1075/ts.20035.gue
Hennessey, B.A., Amabile, T.M. (2010) Creativity, Annual Review of Psychology, 61: 569 – 598.
Hewson, L. (2016). ‘Creativity in Translator Training: Between the Possible, the Improbable and the (Apparently) Impossible’. Linguaculture 2016 (2): 9–25. https://doi.org/10.1515/lincu-2016- 0010
Johnson, R. L. and Whitelock, P. (1987), “Machine Translation as an Expert Task”, in S. Nirenburg (ed) Machine Translation: Theoretical and Methodological Issues, Cambridge University press, Cambridge, 136-144.
Kenny, D. and Doherty, S. (2014). “Statistical Machine Translation in the Translation Curriculum: Overcoming Obstacles and Empowering Translators, Interpreter and Translator Trainer8 (2): 276 94
Krings, H. P. and Koby, G. S. (eds) (2001), Repairing Texts: Empirical Investigations of Machine-Translation Post-Editing Processes, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio.
Malmkjær, K. (2019).Translation and Creativity. London and New York: Routledge: Taylor & Francis Group
McElhaney, T. and Vasconcellos, M. (1988), “The Translator and the Postediting Experience”, in Vasconcellos (1988), 140- 148.
O’Brien, S. (2002). Teaching post-editing: a proposal for course content. In: Proceedings of the 6th EAMT Workshop Teaching Machine Translation, 99-106. Manchester: European Association for Machine Translation.
O’Brien, S. (2005). Methodologies for Measuring the Correlations between Post-Editing Effort and Machine Translatability. ResearchGate, 19(1):37-58
O’Brien, S. (2011). ‘Towards Predicting Post-Editing Productivity’. Machine Translation 25 (3): 197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10590-011-9096-7.
Parnes, S.J. and Brunelle, E.A. (1967).The Literature of Creativity (part 1). The Journal of Creative Behaviour, !1972 a, 1 (2), 52 – 109.;
Perrine, S., (2020). La traduction automatique neuronale : technologie révolutionnaire ou poudre de perlimpinpin ?ResearchGate
Rose, L.H, Lin, H.-T. (1984). A meta-analysis of long-term creativity training programs, Journal of Creative Behavior, 18(1):11 – 22
Rojo, A. (2017). ‘The Role of Creativity’. In The Handbook of Translation and Cognition, 350–68. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119241485.ch19
Runco, M.A. (2007).A Hierarchical Framework for the Study of Creativity. California State University, Fullerton, and the Norwegian School of Business Administration and Economics
Ryan, J. P. (1988), The Role of the Translator in Making an MT System Work: Perspective of a Developer, in Vasconcellos (1988), 127-132
Sawyer, R.K. (2006). Explaining Creativity: The science of human innovation, Oxford University Press
Schwarz, M. C. (2015). « What King of People Are Translators?” The Open Mic Slator Language Industry Market Report
Scott, G., Leritz, L.E., Mumford, M.D. (2004). The effectiveness of creative training: A quantitative review, Creativity Research Journal, 16(4): 361 – 388
Simeoni, D. (1995). ‘Translating and Studying Translation: The View from the Agent’ in Meta 40(3): 445–460.
Simeoni, D. (1998). ‘The pivotal status of the translator’s habitus’ in Target 10: 1–39
Somers, H. (1997), “A Practical Approach to Using Machine Translation Software: ‘Post-editing the Source Text’”, The Translator 3, 193-212
Sternberg, R. J. and Lubart, T. I. (2004). “The concept of creativity: prospects and paradigms.” In STERNBERG, Robert J. Handbook of creativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 3-15
Sullivan, C. (2013).Creativity. Handbook of Translation Studies Volume 4, pp. 42–46. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Toral, A. (2019). ‘Post-Editese: An Exacerbated Translationese’. ArXiv:1907.00900 [Cs], October. http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00900.
Toral, A, Martijn W, and Way, A. (2018). ‘Post-Editing Effort of a Novel with Statistical and Neural Machine Translation’. Frontiers in Digital Humanities 5: 1–11.
Torrance, E.P. (1972).Is Creativity Teachable; Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation* Bloomington* Ind.
Vanmassenhove, E, Dimitar S, and Way., A. (2019). ‘Lost in Translation: Loss and Decay of Linguistic Richness in Machine Translation’. ArXiv:1906.12068 [Cs], June. http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.12068
Vernon, P.E (1989).The Nature-Nurture in Creativity, Springer
Vasconcellos, M. and Léon, M. (1985), “SPANAM and ENGSPAN: Machine Translation at the Pan American Health Organization”, Computational Linguistics 11, 122-136
Vinay, J. P. and Darbelnet. J. (1958).Stylistique Comparée Du Français et de l’anglais: Méthode de Traduction. Vol. 1. Bibliothèque de Stylistique Comparée. Paris: Didier
Wagner, E. (1985), “Post-Editing Systran – A Challenge for Commission Translator”, Terminologie et Traduction 3
Published
2024-06-22
How to Cite
George Mbotake, S. (2024). A POST-EDITING TURN IN TRANSLATOR EDUCATION: TOWARDS A CREATIVE CRAFTMANSHIP IN TRANSLATION. GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 7(05), 137-170. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12291161
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Copyright (c) 2024 Sakwe George Mbotake
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