THE EFFECT OF DIVORCE ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE BUEA MUNICIPALITY
Keywords:
Divorce, Psychosocial Development, Adolescence
Abstract
Divorce has become prevalent in Cameroon, especially among young couples in metropolitan cities. Despite this fact, very few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of divorce on the psychosocial development of adolescents in selected secondary schools in the Buea Municipality. The study had as objectives; (1) it seeks to examine the relationship between litigation divorce and the psychosocial development of adolescents in some selected secondary schools in the Buea Municipality, (2) to examine the relationship between mutual consent divorce and the psychosocial development of adolescents in some selected secondary schools in the Buea Municipality, (3) also, it seeks to examine the relationship between divorce due to irretrievable marital bonds and the psychosocial development of adolescents in some selected secondary schools in the Buea Municipality. The study made use of the qualitative research method, which also adopted the case study research design. It was conducted in the Buea Municipality, Fako Division, South West Region of Cameroon. The target population for the study was all adolescents from divorced homes. The accessible population consisted of 150 adolescents from some selected secondary schools in the Buea Municipality. The simple random sampling was employed to select 6 secondary schools used for this study. The purposive, non-probability sampling technique were then used to select the adolescent secondary school student participants. Data was collected using open ended questionnaires. The qualitative data obtained was analysed using the narrative analysis method. From the results of the study, divorce had impaired with adolescents’ psychosocial development. It was recommended that parents should show their adolescent children more love and care as they are most affected by their decision to divorce. There is also a need for divorced parents to adopt a more authoritative parenting style as it takes a more child cantered approach and would enable parents to understand their children’s feelings, teach them how to regulate their feelings as well as encourages their children to be independent. More research should be conducted on the predisposing factors of parental divorce and separation among Cameroon’s young families.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdullah, A. H., &Fitrah, N. (2019). The effects of mindfulness mediation on anxiety and depression in college students. Journal of Psychological Studies, 7(2), 1-10. Doi:10 .5539/psu.v7n2p1.
Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and the well-being of children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 110(1), 26-46. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.26
Amato, P. R. (2010). Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new developments. Journal of Marriage and Family,72(3), 650-666. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.X
Amato, P. R., Kane, J. B., James, S. (2011). Reconsidering the “good divorce”. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 60(5), 511-524. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00666.X
Arkes, H.R. (2013). The consequences of the hindsight bias in medical decision making. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 356-360. https: // doi.org/10.1177.0963721413489988.
Arrington, T.L., & Sanders, A. M. (2013). The effects of parental divorce on adolescents’ psychosocial development: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(3), 347-356. Doi: 10.1037/a0032725.
Author, A. A. (1968). The role of the Judiciary in Modern Society. Duke Law Journal, 17(2), 255-285
Averill, J. R. (1990). Inner feelings, works of the flesh, the beast within, diseases of the ming, driving force, and putting on a show: Six metaphors of emotion and their theoretical extensions. In D. E. Leary (Ed.), Metaphors in the History of Psychology (pp. 104-132). Cambridge Press.
Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. In J. Framo (Ed.), Family Interactions: Adialectical approach (pp.467-501). New York: Springer.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol.1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2004). Making human beings human: Biographical reflections on developmental psychology. American Psychological Association.
Bronfernbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiment by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Buehler, C., & Gerard, M. (2002). Marital quality and child adjustment: A developmental perspective. Journal of marriage and Family, 64(3), 665-678. Doi: 10.111/j.1741-3737.2002.00665.x.
Cameron, J. J., Granger S. (2019). Does self-esteem have an inter-personal imprint beyond self-reports? A meta-analysis of self-esteem and objective interpersonal indicators. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(1), 73-102. Doi:10.1177/1088868318756532, PMID.
Carbone, J. R. (1994). The effects of divorce on children’s social and emotional development. Journal of Marriage and the Family 56(3), 655-666.
Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational Research Methods,4(1), 62-83. https:/doi.org/10.1177/109442810141004.
Daum, W. H., &Bieliauskas, L. A. (1983). Divorce and remarriage: A study of its effects on children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45(2), 357-366.
Doty, W. (2018). The effects of divorce on children: A review of the literature. Journal of Family Issues, 39(14), 3421-3442.
Doty, W. (2019). The effects of divorce on children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Issues, 40(14), 3319-3342.
Eekelaar, J., & Maclean, M. (2004). Family Law: Avery short introduction. Oxford University Press.
Ekman, P. (1992). Are there basic emotions? PsychologicalReview, 99(3), 550-553. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.99.3.550
Ellis, E. M. (2000). The road to divorce. In E. M. Ellis, Divorce Wars: Interventions with families in conflict (pp. 61-85). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10359-003.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton & Co.
Freud, S. (1962). The Ego and the Id. Journal of Psychoanalysis, 43(2), 153-157. Doi: 10.1080/0955300618533843.
Fritsch, S. (2013). The effects of divorce on the self-esteem of children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Issues, 34(12), 2515-2534.
Gawron, S. J. (2019). The effects of divorce on children’s mental health: A systematic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(5), 531-541. Doi: 10.1037/fam0000473.
Grath, E. H. (2000). The effects of divorce on children’s psychological adjustment. A review of the literature. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(2), 251-264
Gronland, T. (1988). Validity and reliability in psychological assessment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(4), 647-655. Doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198807)44:4<647::AID-JCLP2270440406>3.0.CO;2-K.
Guidubaldi, J., Cleere, C. D., &Dollinger, S. J. (2007). Children of divorce: A developmental perspective. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development (pp.231-254). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Grych, J. H., &Fincham, F. D. (1990). Marital conflict and children’s adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2), 267-290 .https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.108.2.267
Hill, J. P., &Holmbeck, G. N. (1986). Attachment and autonomy in the mother-adolescent relationship: An empirical test of a theoretical model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 261-274. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.261.
Hoffman, L. W. (1977). Effects of parental divorce on children’s emotional and cognitive development. Journal of Social Issues, 33(2), 121-136.
https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/uncontested-divorce
Jennifer. L. K. & John Snarey, (2008). Parental Divorce and the Moral Development of Adolescents. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 23(1), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v23n03_11
Johnson, P., & McNeil, K. (1998). Predictors of developmental task attainment for young adults from divorced families. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 20(2), 237-250. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025085627594.
Kelly, J. B., & Emery, R. E. (2003). Children’s Adjustment Following Divorce: Risk and Resilience Perspectives. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies,52(4), 352-362.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00352.X
Kerlinger, F. N. (1986) Foundations of behavioral research. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Kim, H. (2011). The effects of parental divorce on children’s emotional well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Family Issues, 32(10), 1301-1324. Doi:10.1177/0192513X11401241
Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children’s orientations towards a moral order: A sequential analysis of young children’s moral thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 6(4), 352-368.
Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press.
Lopez, S. J., Snyder, C. R., &Rinfrette, R. A. (2000). Strategic Coping: An investigation of the relationships between goal setting, coping strategies, and mental health. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(2), 218-238.
Lowe, K., & Douglas, H. (2015). The effects of divorce on children and families. journal of Family Issues, 36(14), 3477-3495. Doi: 10.1177/0192513X14555541.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.
Masten, A. S. (2006). Developmental psychopathology: pathways to the future. Int. J. Behav. Dev. 31:46-53.
McCauley, E., & Myers, K. (1992). Family interactions in mood disordered youths. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 1, 111-127.
Mohammad, S. N. S., &Masroom, M. N. (2019). Student Emotions Due to Parental Divorce/ EmosiPelajorAkibatPerceraianIbubapa. SainsHumanika, 12(1).
https://doi.org/10.11113/SH.V12N1.1635.
Mingrum, D. N. (2013). The effect of stress on the immune system: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Health, 2(2),67-76. Doi: 10/1016/j.bh.2013.02.001.
Mohanty, H., &Ayarzagueta, J. (2020). Divorce and family dynamics: A systematic review. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 71(1), 1-21.
Molepo, L., Sodi, T., Maunganidze, L., &Mudhovozi, P. (2012). Behavioural and Emotional Development in Children of Divorce. Journal of psychology in Africa, 22(2), 251-254.
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2015). Development through life: A psychosocial approach (12thed.). Cengage Learning
Okorodudu, R. I. &Okorodudu, G. N. (2003d.). Causes of Behavior Problems among Adolescents. The Nigerian Educational Psychologist. Journal of Nigerian Society for Educational Psychologists (NISEP) 2(1), 73-81.
Olayinka, F. O. (1990). Sex Education and Marital Guidance. Lantern Books. Ltd.
Palnisano, J. M. (Ed.). (2001). Conflict theory. In J. M. Palmisano (Ed.). theories of marriage and family (pp.141-158). New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.
Pawlak, J. L., & Klein, H. A. (1997). Parental conflict and self-esteem: The rest of the story. The Journal of Genetic Psychology: Research and Theory on Human Development, 158(3), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221329709596670.
Peng. W., Li. D., Jia. J., Wang. Y., Sun. W. (2019). School disconnectedness and adolescent internet addiction: mediation by self-esteem and moderation by emotional intelligence. Comput. Hum. Behav. 98, 111-121. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.011.dtn.
Reiter, S. F., Hjorleifsson, S., Breidablik, H-J. &Meland, E. (2013). Impact of divorce and loss of parental contact on health complaints among adolescents. Journal of Public Health: available online.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) [Data base record]. APA. Psyc Tests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01038-000.
Ryan, R. M., &Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation. Social development and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Ryan, R. M., & LaGuardia, J. C. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. Doi: 10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.68.
Schneider, D. (1984). A critique of the study of kinship. Annual Review of Anthropology, 13, 161-185.
Skinner, B. F. (1972). Beyond Freedom and Dignity. Alfred A. Knopf.
Steinberg, L. (1999). Parenting styles as a predictor of adolescent adjustment. Journal of Adolescent Health, 25(2), 130-136.
Steinberg, L., & Silverberg, S. B. The vicissitudes of autonomy in early adolescence. Child Development,57(4), (1986): 841-851. Retrieved from http//doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1986.tb00250.x.
Teachman, J. D. (2002). Stability across cohorts in divorce risk factors. Demography, 39(2), 331-351. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2002.0019.
Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M, B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205.
Tullius, J. M., De Kroon, M. L. A., Almansa, J., Reijneveld, S. A. (2021). Adolescents’ mental health problems increase after parental divorce, not before, and persist until adulthood: A longitudinal trails study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Advance Online Publication.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01715-0.
Turiel, Elliot, (1983). The development of social knowledge: Morality and Convention. Cambridge University Press.
Turner, H. A., &Kopiec, K. (2006). Exposure to Interparental Conflict and Psychological Disorder among Young Adults. Journal of Family Issues, 27(2), 131-158. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X05280991.
Thompson, K. (2013). The Impact of Divorce on Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Journal of Family Issues, 44(1), 3-24. Doi:10.1177/0192513X211055401.
Vaishali, N. (2023). The impact of divorce on children’s social and emotional development: Ameta-analytic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 37(1), 1-12.
Vousoura, E., Verdeli, H., Warner, V., Wickramaratne, P., & Baily, C. (2012). Parental divorce, familial risk for depression, and psychopathology in offspring: A three-generation study. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 21(5), 718-725. doi: 10.1007/510826-011-9523-7.
Wallerstein, J., (1986). Seventeen years’ follow-up of families with divorce in childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 25(2), 231-236.
Wolchik, S. A., Sandler, I. N., & Sandler, J. P. (2019). The effects of divorce on children’s social and emotional functioning: A systematic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(1),33-45. Doi: 10.1037/fam0000505.
Woodward, J. L., & Kath. B. (2015). Parental divorce and children’s psychosocial development: A systematic review. Journal of Family Issues, 36(11), 2351-2374. Doi:10.1177/0192513X14555525.
www.legalserviceindia.com
www.law.cornell.edu.
Zulkefli, N., & Mustapha, Z. (2016). Teenagers with divorced parents in Malaysia: A scrutiny of emotional expressions. Malaysian Journal of Society & Space, 12(9), 150-160.
Amato, P. R., & Keith, B. (1991). Parental divorce and the well-being of children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 110(1), 26-46. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.26
Amato, P. R. (2010). Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new developments. Journal of Marriage and Family,72(3), 650-666. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.X
Amato, P. R., Kane, J. B., James, S. (2011). Reconsidering the “good divorce”. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 60(5), 511-524. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2011.00666.X
Arkes, H.R. (2013). The consequences of the hindsight bias in medical decision making. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(5), 356-360. https: // doi.org/10.1177.0963721413489988.
Arrington, T.L., & Sanders, A. M. (2013). The effects of parental divorce on adolescents’ psychosocial development: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(3), 347-356. Doi: 10.1037/a0032725.
Author, A. A. (1968). The role of the Judiciary in Modern Society. Duke Law Journal, 17(2), 255-285
Averill, J. R. (1990). Inner feelings, works of the flesh, the beast within, diseases of the ming, driving force, and putting on a show: Six metaphors of emotion and their theoretical extensions. In D. E. Leary (Ed.), Metaphors in the History of Psychology (pp. 104-132). Cambridge Press.
Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. In J. Framo (Ed.), Family Interactions: Adialectical approach (pp.467-501). New York: Springer.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol.1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2004). Making human beings human: Biographical reflections on developmental psychology. American Psychological Association.
Bronfernbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiment by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Buehler, C., & Gerard, M. (2002). Marital quality and child adjustment: A developmental perspective. Journal of marriage and Family, 64(3), 665-678. Doi: 10.111/j.1741-3737.2002.00665.x.
Cameron, J. J., Granger S. (2019). Does self-esteem have an inter-personal imprint beyond self-reports? A meta-analysis of self-esteem and objective interpersonal indicators. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(1), 73-102. Doi:10.1177/1088868318756532, PMID.
Carbone, J. R. (1994). The effects of divorce on children’s social and emotional development. Journal of Marriage and the Family 56(3), 655-666.
Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational Research Methods,4(1), 62-83. https:/doi.org/10.1177/109442810141004.
Daum, W. H., &Bieliauskas, L. A. (1983). Divorce and remarriage: A study of its effects on children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45(2), 357-366.
Doty, W. (2018). The effects of divorce on children: A review of the literature. Journal of Family Issues, 39(14), 3421-3442.
Doty, W. (2019). The effects of divorce on children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Issues, 40(14), 3319-3342.
Eekelaar, J., & Maclean, M. (2004). Family Law: Avery short introduction. Oxford University Press.
Ekman, P. (1992). Are there basic emotions? PsychologicalReview, 99(3), 550-553. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.99.3.550
Ellis, E. M. (2000). The road to divorce. In E. M. Ellis, Divorce Wars: Interventions with families in conflict (pp. 61-85). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10359-003.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton & Co.
Freud, S. (1962). The Ego and the Id. Journal of Psychoanalysis, 43(2), 153-157. Doi: 10.1080/0955300618533843.
Fritsch, S. (2013). The effects of divorce on the self-esteem of children: A longitudinal study. Journal of Family Issues, 34(12), 2515-2534.
Gawron, S. J. (2019). The effects of divorce on children’s mental health: A systematic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(5), 531-541. Doi: 10.1037/fam0000473.
Grath, E. H. (2000). The effects of divorce on children’s psychological adjustment. A review of the literature. Journal of Family Psychology, 15(2), 251-264
Gronland, T. (1988). Validity and reliability in psychological assessment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(4), 647-655. Doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198807)44:4<647::AID-JCLP2270440406>3.0.CO;2-K.
Guidubaldi, J., Cleere, C. D., &Dollinger, S. J. (2007). Children of divorce: A developmental perspective. In M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The role of the father in child development (pp.231-254). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Grych, J. H., &Fincham, F. D. (1990). Marital conflict and children’s adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2), 267-290 .https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.108.2.267
Hill, J. P., &Holmbeck, G. N. (1986). Attachment and autonomy in the mother-adolescent relationship: An empirical test of a theoretical model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 261-274. Doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.261.
Hoffman, L. W. (1977). Effects of parental divorce on children’s emotional and cognitive development. Journal of Social Issues, 33(2), 121-136.
https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/uncontested-divorce
Jennifer. L. K. & John Snarey, (2008). Parental Divorce and the Moral Development of Adolescents. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 23(1), 177-186. https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v23n03_11
Johnson, P., & McNeil, K. (1998). Predictors of developmental task attainment for young adults from divorced families. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 20(2), 237-250. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025085627594.
Kelly, J. B., & Emery, R. E. (2003). Children’s Adjustment Following Divorce: Risk and Resilience Perspectives. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies,52(4), 352-362.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00352.X
Kerlinger, F. N. (1986) Foundations of behavioral research. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Kim, H. (2011). The effects of parental divorce on children’s emotional well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Family Issues, 32(10), 1301-1324. Doi:10.1177/0192513X11401241
Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children’s orientations towards a moral order: A sequential analysis of young children’s moral thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 6(4), 352-368.
Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press.
Lopez, S. J., Snyder, C. R., &Rinfrette, R. A. (2000). Strategic Coping: An investigation of the relationships between goal setting, coping strategies, and mental health. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(2), 218-238.
Lowe, K., & Douglas, H. (2015). The effects of divorce on children and families. journal of Family Issues, 36(14), 3477-3495. Doi: 10.1177/0192513X14555541.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.
Masten, A. S. (2006). Developmental psychopathology: pathways to the future. Int. J. Behav. Dev. 31:46-53.
McCauley, E., & Myers, K. (1992). Family interactions in mood disordered youths. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 1, 111-127.
Mohammad, S. N. S., &Masroom, M. N. (2019). Student Emotions Due to Parental Divorce/ EmosiPelajorAkibatPerceraianIbubapa. SainsHumanika, 12(1).
https://doi.org/10.11113/SH.V12N1.1635.
Mingrum, D. N. (2013). The effect of stress on the immune system: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Health, 2(2),67-76. Doi: 10/1016/j.bh.2013.02.001.
Mohanty, H., &Ayarzagueta, J. (2020). Divorce and family dynamics: A systematic review. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 71(1), 1-21.
Molepo, L., Sodi, T., Maunganidze, L., &Mudhovozi, P. (2012). Behavioural and Emotional Development in Children of Divorce. Journal of psychology in Africa, 22(2), 251-254.
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2015). Development through life: A psychosocial approach (12thed.). Cengage Learning
Okorodudu, R. I. &Okorodudu, G. N. (2003d.). Causes of Behavior Problems among Adolescents. The Nigerian Educational Psychologist. Journal of Nigerian Society for Educational Psychologists (NISEP) 2(1), 73-81.
Olayinka, F. O. (1990). Sex Education and Marital Guidance. Lantern Books. Ltd.
Palnisano, J. M. (Ed.). (2001). Conflict theory. In J. M. Palmisano (Ed.). theories of marriage and family (pp.141-158). New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing.
Pawlak, J. L., & Klein, H. A. (1997). Parental conflict and self-esteem: The rest of the story. The Journal of Genetic Psychology: Research and Theory on Human Development, 158(3), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221329709596670.
Peng. W., Li. D., Jia. J., Wang. Y., Sun. W. (2019). School disconnectedness and adolescent internet addiction: mediation by self-esteem and moderation by emotional intelligence. Comput. Hum. Behav. 98, 111-121. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.011.dtn.
Reiter, S. F., Hjorleifsson, S., Breidablik, H-J. &Meland, E. (2013). Impact of divorce and loss of parental contact on health complaints among adolescents. Journal of Public Health: available online.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) [Data base record]. APA. Psyc Tests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01038-000.
Ryan, R. M., &Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation. Social development and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Ryan, R. M., & LaGuardia, J. C. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. Doi: 10.1037//0003-066X.55.1.68.
Schneider, D. (1984). A critique of the study of kinship. Annual Review of Anthropology, 13, 161-185.
Skinner, B. F. (1972). Beyond Freedom and Dignity. Alfred A. Knopf.
Steinberg, L. (1999). Parenting styles as a predictor of adolescent adjustment. Journal of Adolescent Health, 25(2), 130-136.
Steinberg, L., & Silverberg, S. B. The vicissitudes of autonomy in early adolescence. Child Development,57(4), (1986): 841-851. Retrieved from http//doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1986.tb00250.x.
Teachman, J. D. (2002). Stability across cohorts in divorce risk factors. Demography, 39(2), 331-351. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2002.0019.
Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M, B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(1), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205.
Tullius, J. M., De Kroon, M. L. A., Almansa, J., Reijneveld, S. A. (2021). Adolescents’ mental health problems increase after parental divorce, not before, and persist until adulthood: A longitudinal trails study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Advance Online Publication.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01715-0.
Turiel, Elliot, (1983). The development of social knowledge: Morality and Convention. Cambridge University Press.
Turner, H. A., &Kopiec, K. (2006). Exposure to Interparental Conflict and Psychological Disorder among Young Adults. Journal of Family Issues, 27(2), 131-158. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X05280991.
Thompson, K. (2013). The Impact of Divorce on Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Journal of Family Issues, 44(1), 3-24. Doi:10.1177/0192513X211055401.
Vaishali, N. (2023). The impact of divorce on children’s social and emotional development: Ameta-analytic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 37(1), 1-12.
Vousoura, E., Verdeli, H., Warner, V., Wickramaratne, P., & Baily, C. (2012). Parental divorce, familial risk for depression, and psychopathology in offspring: A three-generation study. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 21(5), 718-725. doi: 10.1007/510826-011-9523-7.
Wallerstein, J., (1986). Seventeen years’ follow-up of families with divorce in childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 25(2), 231-236.
Wolchik, S. A., Sandler, I. N., & Sandler, J. P. (2019). The effects of divorce on children’s social and emotional functioning: A systematic review. Journal of Family Psychology, 33(1),33-45. Doi: 10.1037/fam0000505.
Woodward, J. L., & Kath. B. (2015). Parental divorce and children’s psychosocial development: A systematic review. Journal of Family Issues, 36(11), 2351-2374. Doi:10.1177/0192513X14555525.
www.legalserviceindia.com
www.law.cornell.edu.
Zulkefli, N., & Mustapha, Z. (2016). Teenagers with divorced parents in Malaysia: A scrutiny of emotional expressions. Malaysian Journal of Society & Space, 12(9), 150-160.
Published
2024-06-13
How to Cite
Serge Armand, D. Z. N., & Mafany Mbella, E. (2024). THE EFFECT OF DIVORCE ON THE PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE BUEA MUNICIPALITY. GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 7(05), 70-101. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11636266
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Dr. Zang Ndi Serge Armand (AP), and Emmanuel Mafany Mbella
Author(s) and co-author(s) jointly and severally represent and warrant that the Article is original with the author(s) and does not infringe any copyright or violate any other right of any third parties, and that the Article has not been published elsewhere. Author(s) agree to the terms that the GPH Journal will have the full right to remove the published article on any misconduct found in the published article.
