Long-Term Renal Function following Exposure to Petroleum Environmental Pollutants in the population of Ogoni Women,Niger Delta: A possible cellular mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants-induced Nephrotoxicity
Abstract
Environmental toxic pollutants are of environmentalconcern because of its diversity of toxic effects in human body. In this study, randomly selected 184 female volunteers,94 from Ogoni, Rivers State, Niger Delta and 90 from Ogoja Cross River State,consistently living in the petroleum exploration or gas and oil flaring region and non-petroleum production environments respectively, Nigeria, were used to estimate the contents of renal function indices using standard procedures. Volunteers’ age ranged from 18 to 50 years. When compared to control, this study indicated significant high level of urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium with the ratio of urea to creatinine of 3:1 for the population of Ogoni women. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed significant positive relationship between heavy metals (lead, cadmium and vanadium) and renal function indices (urea and creatinine). An indication that environmental toxic pollutants cancause direct damage to the kidneysplausibly mediated by the combination of the high content of the exposed environmental pollutants and the induced high level of the renal toxins, specifically urea, which possibly fragmented blood cells without heat leading to nephrotoxicity.Additionally, the inference is that the population in the petroleum exploitation and exploration or oil and gas flaring environments are predisposed to renal dysfunction and are unaware.
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